Long test Reviewer>:)

• Critical Reading


  Implies critical thinking, you add your own perspectives
• Text


  • Can be easily comprehended
  • Cannot be easily comprehended
• Critical reading allows you to engage in a conversation with the author
• Meaning of words

  May be implied in text, reader's context, author's context
• Simple Reading


  Involves identifying and recognizing the meaning of a text, gives the basic definition, recognizes what a text says, the reader absorbs and understands
• Critical Reading


  Is a more advanced form and higher level of reading, analyzes and interprets the reading material to know if it presents logical ideas and connection of ideas, recognizes what a text says, reflects on what the text does, and infers on what the text means, the reader actively recognizes and analyzes evidence in the text
• Bloom's Taxonomy


  A framework of educational goals developed in 1956, guides educators in identifying goals students can achieve and how to create plans to meet them

  
• Levels of Bloom's Taxonomy

  • Remembering
  • Understanding
  • Applying
  • Analyzing
  • Evaluating
  • Creating

  
• Non-critical thinking


  Makes a person readily accept ideas he/she is exposed to
• Critical thinking


  Enables a person to process and evaluate ideas to come up with his/her own perspective
• Components of Critical Thinking

  • Getting the Main Idea
  • Summarizing
  • Inferring
  • Drawing Conclusions
  • Analyzing Sequence
  • Determining Fact from Opinion
  • Understanding Cause and Effect
  • Comparing and Contrasting
  • Identifying the Problem and Solution
• Getting the Main Idea


  Involves identifying the general idea in a text which may be explicitly or implicitly stated
• Summarizing


  Includes recalling all pertinent information and thinking how to compact them all in a summary
• Inferring


  Is a process used by a reader to understand an idea that the author does not state explicitly, forming opinion from personal experiences and knowledge
• Drawing conclusions


  Is figuring out much more than what an author says directly, involves additional information
• Analyzing Sequence


  Consider the order of arrangement of events present in the text
• Determining Fact from Opinion


  Fact is an idea that is already proven or is obviously true, Opinion is an unverified idea
• Opinion-Marking Signals


  • I feel...
  • I think...
  • I believe...
  • I suppose...
  • I think that...
  • As far as I know...
  • From what I know...
  • From my point of view...
  • My personal view about it is that...
  • Personally, I knew that (think that)...
• Fact Signals


  • The annual report confirms...
  • Scientists have recently discovered...
  • According to the results of the tests...
  • The investigation demonstrated...
• Understanding Cause and Effect


  Involves identifying event that causes another event
• Comparing and Contrasting


  Comparing is determining how things are the same, Contrasting is determining how things are different
• Identifying the Problem and Solution


  Involves discussing complex issues and identifying the solution
• Context


  The circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed
• Questions to understand context

  • When was the work written?
  • What were the circumstances that produced it?
  • What issues does it deal with?
• Writing


  The act that complements speaking, a great way to improve social skills or communication skills, allows time to process and express ourselves
• Components of Writing

  • Grammar
  • Vocabulary
  • Semantics
• Grammar


  Set of rules on how to use the words in writing and composing sentences, includes morphology and syntax
• Parts of Speech


  • Noun
  • Pronoun
  • Verb
  • Adjective
  • Adverb
  • Preposition
  • Conjunction
  • Interjection
• Prescriptive Grammar


  Giving the exact rules, directions, or instructions to people on how language should be used
• Descriptive Grammar


  Providing facts about how a language is actually used rather than rules that tell people how it should be used, non-judgemental
• Vocabulary


  All the words known and used by a person
• Semantics


  The study of the meanings of words and phrases in language, distinguishing small differences between similar words
• Hypotext


  An early literary work which becomes a basis or source for a later work
• Hypertext


  A reading material that succeeds an earlier written predecessor
• Linear Text


  A reader can make sense of the text by reading sequentially, from beginning to end
• Non-linear Text


  Has many reading paths since it is the readers who decide the sequence of reading, not the author
• Intertext/Intertextuality


  The idea that the creation of text is influenced by other texts, a context that surrounds a text before it is even made
• Forms of Intertext

  • Parody
  • Imitation
  • Pastiche
  • Transposition
  • Continuation
• Parody


  Makes light of a situation, imitates the characteristic style of an author or a work for comic effect or ridicule
• Imitation


  Shows another work in the same likeness, literature imitation was explained by Plato and Aristotle