Tourism

• Tourist


  Person making trips outside usual environment
• Types of tourist


  • Domestic: Travel in (their)own country
  • International: Travel abroad to other places
• Personality types (Tourists)


  • Dependables
  • Venturers
• Tourist systems


  • Made up of 3 main components: The tourist generating region, transit routes and tourist destination region
• Availability of transit routes


  Influence on travel (volume and direction)
• Limited, inconvenient transit routes


  Have a lower volume of travel
• Convenient and attractive transit routes


  Tourists may choose them instead of direct travel
• Lack of direct flights and inconvenient transit routes between Singapore and Brazil


  • Result in less tourists travelling from one to the other
• Push factors


  • Stressful environment
  • No fulfilment
  • Overcrowding/Pollution
  • Lack of entertainment/recreational options
• Pull factors


  • Scenic beauty
  • Festivals/concerts (Events)
  • Attractions/Facilities/Amenities
• Stakeholders (Tourists/Biz/ Org/Tour operators/Locals/Planning authorities/NGOs) are mutually dependent on each other
• Positive interactions between nature, community and economies


  • (Economy) Tourist pay locals to teach them to create traditional pottery,generating money for locals and helping to preserve tradition
  • (Economy) Tourism's global industry contributed to US $4 trillion in 2020
• Negative interactions between nature, community and economies


  • (Environment) Tourist irresponsibly leaving waste in nature parks,damaging environment
  • (Environment) Contributes to 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions
• Motivations to travel


  • Relaxation
  • Discovering unique experiences
  • Achieve personal growth and fulfilment
• Relaxation


  Increasing pressure and stress from life have increased people's motivation to travel to relieve stress
• Most British tourists visit Phuket, Thailand


  • To rest and relax at the beaches
• Visitors visit Universal Studios Singapore


  • To participate in attractions, experiencing something different from their usual lives. In 2019, the theme park welcomes 18 million visitors
• Personal Growth/Fulfilment


  Travelling allows visitors to develop themselves by learning and improving their skills and knowledge
• Numerous cooking schools have opened in Bali,Indonesia


  • To cater to tourists' desire to learn Balinese cuisine
• Pilgrims travel to sacred sites


  • To learn more about their faith and grow spiritually. More than 2 million Muslims travel to Mecca in Saudi Arabia annually, to perform rituals for spiritual growth
• More tourists have started to climb Mount Everest


  • In the last few decades, as they are motivated to challenge themselves and achieve their fullest potential
• Unique experiences


  Travel to satisfy curiosity about the world, allows them to explore different cultures and environments, less travelled places, participate in special and uncommon activities
• Tourism in Antarctica


  • Has been increasing in the last 2 decades due to it being one of the Earth's last 'untouched' places
• Factors affecting tourism growth

  • Increase in disposable income
  • Increased leisure time
  • Business innovations in tourism
  • Lower cost (transport and accommodation)