Water transport & Solute translocation

• T or F: Water is important to plants especially for photosynthesis, providing mechanical support, transport of materials, and temperature regulation

  true
• T or F: Water is not a polar molecule

  false
• Properties of water

  • high specific heat capacity
  • Universal solvent
  • cohesion
  • adhesion
  • surface tension
  • Capillary action
• T or F: cohesion is about water molecules sticking with any polar molecules like surfaces

  false
• Adhesion


  water molecules stick polar molecules
• Cohesion


  water sticks to each other (water molecules)
• T or F: plants does not need to minimize area exposed to air

  false
• Water transport is governed by

  • Diffusion
  • Osmosis
  • Bulk flow / mass flow
• Diffusion


  random movement of molecules in which a net flow of matter moves along a concentration gradient
• osmosis


  flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower to hight solution concentration
• bulk flow / mass flow


  overall movement of water in response to differences in the potential energy of water
• transpiration


  loss of water vapor from plants through the surfaces of aboveground parts but mainly through the leaves
• T or F: transpiration in plants mostly happens through their stomata

  true
• T or F: nearly 60-75% of water taken in by roots is release into the air as water vapor

  false
• vascular tissues


  An interconnected network of cells and tissues that function for water and food transport throughout the entire plant body
• xylem


  Transport of water and dissolved ions from the roots upwards to the other plant organs
• Phloem


  Transport of metabolites from sources of production to sinks
• T or F: Resistance, concentration, gradient, time, distance, temperature, size, and density of the molecule affects the diffusion

  false
• T or F: Increase in water potential allows water to move easier

  true
• T or F: Water always moves from high water potential to lower water potential

  true
• Solute potential


  It is also called osmotic potential wherein tendency of water molecules to move from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution across a semipermeable membrane
• T or F: When plant cells are submerged underwater (purewater), movement of pure water is towards the cell

  true
• T or F: adding solutes in water reduces its water potential

  true
• T or F: Cells have a higher water potential than pure water. When submerged, water will move out of the cell causing it to shrink. This then lowers the cell's water potential

  False
• T or F: in a hypotonic setup high solutes are found in the solution outside the cell while hypertonic setup has lower solutes found in the solution outside the cell

  false
• T or F: water always moves from high potential to low potential

  true
• pressure potential


  also called turgor pressure wherein hydrostatic pressure to which water in a liquid phase is subjected and can either be positive or negative
• T or F: in a hypertonic setup, there is a negative pressure wherein water is pull out of the cell causing it to shrink

  false
• T or F: in a hypotonic setup, the pressure potential is positive since the water taken up causes the cell membrane to be pushed against the rigil cell wall

  true
• Gravitation potential


  this is the water potential using high difference of water columns
• T or F: gravitational potential becomes more negative the higher the elevation

  false
• T or F: gravity has no relevant effect o smaller plants

  true
• T or F: cells have gravitation potential

  false
• T or F: A set is separated by a membrane. Both side A and B contain equal amounts of water, but set B contains sand. Thus set B has greater gravitational potential than set A

  true
• Matric potential


  water potential caused by the attraction of water molecules to itself or to other molecules
• T or F: soil particles has lower water potential compared to root hairs

  false
• T or F: adding more sand particles to water increases the water potential due to the increased height true
• T or F: matric potential most often has a negative value

  true
• T or F: at a cellular level, only solute potential and pressure potential are considered

  true
• t or f: flaccid cell has zero pressure potential

  true