Cold War: Early tensions between the East and West

• Tehran Conference (1943)


  -The USA and USSR agreed on working together to defeat Japan after they defeat Germany (reduced tensions)

  
• Capitalism


  An economic system in which everyone is free to own property and businesses and make money
• Communism

  An economic system in which all property and businesses should belong to the state
• Two factors of capitalism:


  -Class system

  -Democracy (public voting)
• Two factors of communism:

  -No class system

  -One-party rule (no public voting)
• Yalta Conference (1945)


  -A 'Protocol of Proceedings'; they agreed on agreeing with each other (reduced tension) and they made agreements on what to do with German land

  
  

  Extra: Soviet Union lost a lot of people and wanted more land, but the USA and UK wanted to give France more land - they set up a commission to look into reparations

  
• Potsdam Conference (1945)


  -They agreed that Berlin should be split into four zones

  
  

  Extra: Roosevelt had been replaced with Truman, who was anti-communist (high tension)

  
• Grand Alliance


  An alliance between the UK (Winston Churchill), US (Franklin D Roosevelt) and USSR (Joseph Stalin) that was formed in order to defeat nazi Germany

  
  

  After the war ended and Germany was defeated, they had no purpose to continue

  
• Sphere of influence


  An area in which communism/capitalism was respected
• Atomic bomb

  An explosive device in which a large amount of energy is released through the nuclear fission of uranium or plutonium

  
• Kennan's Long Telegram


  -Stalin gave a speech in Russia asking for destruction of Capitalism

  -He said that there could be no peace between the USA and USSR (due to different ideologies)

  -USSR was building military power
• Novikov's Telegram


  -America's desire to dominate the world (imperialism)

  -After Roosevelt's death, the American government no longer wanted co-operation with the USSR

  -The American public prepared for war
• Iron Curtain Speech


  -Winston Churchill speaking about how the Soviet Union was a threat to world peace and freedom

  -Also emphasised the 'iron curtain' between West and East Europe

  -This led to increased tensions and mistrust

  
• Satellite state


  An independent country under the control of another country