3rd Quarter

• Philosophy


  Love of wisdom
• Pythagoras


  Coined the term Philosophy
• Emerita Quito


  According to her there are two usages of the term philosophy in the current local trend or local setting
• Rene Descartes


  Father of Modern Philosophy
• Branches of Philosophy


  • Epistemology
  • Metaphysics
  • Ontology
  • Aesthetics
  • Logic
  • Theodicy
  • Axiology
• Epistemology


  Study of knowledge
• Metaphysics


  Endeavor to know the existence of something beyond the physical aspect or attribute of that something
• Ontology


  Study of the essence of reality
• Aesthetics


  Discusses one's perception and experience of beauty
• Logic


  Study of the methods and principles used to distinguish correct from incorrect reasoning
• Theodicy


  Answers questions about God and spirits
• Axiology


  Study of value or worth
• Holistic point of view

  Considers large-scale patterns in systems, looks at the totality rather than at certain aspects only, examines each part and how it is connected with other parts to form a cohesive whole
• Partial point of view

  Looks only at a limited number of aspects of the given problem or situation, focuses on specific aspects of a situation, views the little details of things but forgets, or tends to ignore, the bigger picture
• Plato


  A Greek Philosopher who said that man must philosophize to maintain his sense of wonder
• Rene Descartes


  Traced the need to philosophize to doubt
• Karl Jaspers


  20th-century Swiss German philosopher saw the need to philosophize because of experience
• Practical uses of philosophy in our lives


  • Engage in analysis and interpretation of concepts, definitions, arguments, and problems
  • Benefit problem-solving and decision-making
  • Communicate ideas clearly and adequately
  • Contribute to self-development
• Philosophical reflection


  Process by which a person undergoes a reflective state or evaluates his or her experiences before making any related action
• Reflection


  Important activity that man should consider to be able to see the deeper meaning of life, actions, and decisions
• Wisdom


  Ability to apply the correct knowledge to daily life, particularly in making sound choices and judgments in the practical aspects of life
• Knowledge


  Acquisition of knowledge, information, and theories
• An unexamined life is not worth living; it certainly could not be a virtuous life. Why not? Because without knowing the rationale for why one should act in a way, one does not know whether actions are justified and ought to be repeated.
• Truth


  Property of sentences, assertions, beliefs, thoughts, or propositions that are said, in ordinary discourse, to agree with the facts or to state what is the case as stated in metaphysics and the philosophy of language. It is certain and based on reality.
• Critical thinking


  Careful, reflective, rational, and systematic approach to questions of every general interest
• Opinion


  Belief that is conscious of being insufficient both subjectively and objectively. It is not certain and based on appearances.
• Fallacies


  Arguments based on faulty reasoning
• Analytic method


  Method to clarify philosophical concepts through language analysis
• Dialectical method


  Discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to establish the truth through reasoned argumentation
• Methodic doubt


  Way of looking for certainty and doubting everything that can be doubted
• Phenomenological method


  Deals with human experience and how people experience it, examines structures of conscious experience as experienced from the first-person's point of view
• Pragmatic method


  Method of testing beliefs based on practical consequences, emphasizing successful experiences as the verification process of truth
• Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel


  Proposed the Hegelian Dialectics known as the Dialectical Method
• Transcendence


  State of being or existence above and beyond the limits of material experience, originated from the words "trans" meaning "go beyond" and "scandare" meaning "climb"
• Spatial-temporal being


  As temporal beings, our most obvious limitation is our finitude - our finite quality or state. As spatial beings, we are limited by our bodies to be present in two or more places at the same time. We are limited by space (spatial) and the time (temporal). Our spatial-temporal situation sets our preconditions of understanding.
• Human being


  Refers to man as a species and is also used to differentiate man from other animals
• Man


  Generally and commonly defined to represent the entire human race
• Human


  Term used to refer to various classifications and species. For a living man, human is under the classification of Mammalia.
• Person


  Refers to an individual who possesses self-awareness, self-determination, a rational mind, and the capacity to interact with others and with himself/herself
• Human nature


  General term that refers to the deepest and natural behavior of a person that distinguish human from animals