transition metals, group 1 + 0

• Noble Gases

  • Monoatomic (exist as single atoms) as they do not need to bond with other atoms to become stable
  • Have very low boiling points due to their monoatomic structure because of very weak intermolecular forces between the atoms
  • Boiling point increases down the group as the atoms become larger
• Mendeleev


  Struggled to discover Noble Gases
• Group 0


  More commonly referred to as the Noble Gases
• Helium gas makes your voice go squeaky
• Noble Gases

  • Have very low densities because their atoms are far apart in the gas state, so there is very little mass in a given volume
  • Density increases as you go down group 0 since the size of the atom increases
• Uses of Noble Gases

  • Used in neon lights or as lasers
  • Can be used in diving equipment and light aircraft
  • Used for insulation or as a heat shield thanks to their lack of reactivity
• Noble Gases

  • Take part in very few chemical reactions as they are considered chemically 'inert' (unreactive) due to having a full outer shell of electrons
  • Do not need to gain or lose any electrons to be stable
• Groups of the Periodic Table

  • The transition metals
• Transition metals used as catalysts


  • Platinum, rhodium, and palladium in catalytic converters in vehicles to convert harmful gases into less harmful ones
• Transition metals compared to Group 1 metals

  Transition metals are less reactive and react very slowly, if at all
• Transition metals are useful for making everyday objects
• Transition metals vs. alkali metals in compound colours

  Transition metals produce coloured ionic compounds, e.g., copper sulfate is bright blue, iron chloride is bright yellow
• Transition Metals

  • They are placed between groups 2 and 3 in the periodic table
  • They are all metals and have properties typical of metals: shiny when freshly cut, good conductors of electricity, strong, malleable
• Transition Metals compared to Group 1


  Transition metals are stronger, harder, have higher densities, and higher melting points (except for Mercury which is a liquid at room temperature)
• Everyday object made from copper

  • Good conductor of electricity and can be made into strong, flexible electrical wires
• Inert metals

  • Gold, silver, platinum do not react with water or oxygen at all, used for jewellery