SP3

Cards (27)

  • Types of energy stores
    1. Thermal
    2. Kinetic
    3. Nuclear
    4. GPE
  • Law of conservation of energy
    Energy cannot be created or destroyed
    ~Energy is measured in Joules
  • What is a closed system?

    A closed system is a system that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings.
  • Four types of energy transfers
    1. Mechanically e.g. pushing
    2. Electrically e.g. charges
    3. By heating
    4. By radiation e.g. sun
  • How to work out total energy input?

    Useful energy output + wasted energy
  • Efficiency
    useful energy transferred/ total energy input
  • How insulation in your house helps?

    -Cavity walls- create an air gap which reduces amount of energy
    -Loft insulation- good insulator reduces loss by conduction
    -Double glazed windows-air gap
  • Non-renewable resources
    Will run out one day, finite
  • Three main fossil fuels
    1. Coal
    2. Oil
    3. Natural gas
  • Renewable resources
    Will never run out
  • Examples of renewable resources
    1. The sun
    2. Wind
    3. Hydro-electricity
    4. Bio-fuel
    5. Tides
  • Renewable resources- solar cells
    Solar cells
    -Use energy transferred by light to create electrical currant
    -Depends on country also no power at night
  • Renewable resources- wind power
    Wind power
    -Has generator inside
    -Only work when it is windy
  • Renewable resources-bio-fuels
    Bio-fuels
    -Made from plants and waste
    -Not enough space for crops to grow that are food
  • Renewable resources- hydro-electricity
    Hydro-electricity
    -Involves flooding a valley by building dam
    -Impact on environment
  • Renewable resources- tidal barrages
    Tidal barrages
    -Big dams with turbines in them
    -Affect boat access and alter habitat
  • Advantages of non-renewable resources

    -Reliable
    -Cost effective
  • Disadvantages of non-renewable resources

    -CO2 emissions
    -They will run out
    -Environmental issues from extraction
  • 3 ways heat transfers
    1. Conduction
    2. Convection
    3. Radiation
  • Conduction
    Vibrations passed from particle to particle in a solid
    -Best conductor because of strong structures
  • Best conductors
    -Solid
    -Liquids
  • Best insulators
    -Vacuum
    -Gases
  • Convection
    Movement of particles in a fluid depending on their temperature
  • Convection current

    The way that heat is transferred throughout a fluid
  • Radiation
    Transferring energy by heating
  • What are heat rays?
    Infra red radiation
  • Facts about radiation
    -Black is the best absorber and emitter
    -Lighter surfaces are best at reflecting and worst at emitting