Key words

• Socialisation


  Interacting with individuals, learning to behave that's socially acceptable
• Primary socialisation

  Child learns values, beliefs and attitudes through family and school
• Secondary socialisation


  Period in early person's life which they develop through experiences and interactions
• Nature VS Nurture debate

  Which aspects of behaviour are genetic or acquired
• Social differentiation

  Society divided into groups
• Instant gratification


  Immediate desire to feel satisfied, doing something and immediately seeing positive results
• Delayed gratification


  Resisting the temptation of immediate satisfaction in hopes of achieving a long lasting reward in the long term
• Stratification


  Society split into groups ordered in layers with a definitive hierarchy
• Nuclear - Parsons and NR

  Married couple with 2-3 children and segregated roles
• Symmetrical - Wilmott and Young, late 20th century

  Joint roles where women more likely to have a job and men do more housework, equal economic contribution
• Asymmetrical - Wilmott and Young

  Men spend leisure time outside home, women still do housework
• Extended

  Family members outside 'nucleus'
• Vertical

  Multiple generations living together
• Horizontal

  Household made up of aunts, uncles, cousins
• Beanpole family

  Extended family where each generation has a few siblings
• Matrifocal family

  Mothers head families, fathers play less important role at home
• Reconstituted family

  Two nuclear families split to form a new family (step-parents)
• Living apart together

  Couples who wish to live together but not yet able to
• Empty nest family

  Couple who had children but have now left the family home
• Boomerang family

  Children who have left the family home have come back again
• Gender regime

  • government supporte gender roles for everyone
  • maternity leave = women able to take time off recovering
• Child centred society


  Children are protected more as they're no longer an economic asset
• Institutional racism


  Policies and attitudes unintentionally discriminate against ethnic minority groups, some books or poems may stereotype certain races