atomic structure

• the radius of an atom is about 0.1 nm
• An atom contains equal numbers of protons and electrons
• atoms have no overall charge
• Atomic number


  Number of electrons
• Mass number


  Number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number
• Neutrons have no charge and are also located in the nucleus of an atom.
• The first electron shell can hold up to two electrons, while subsequent shells can hold eight electrons.
• Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.
• Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus of an atom.
• Ions are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge.
• Atomic number refers to the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom.
• Atoms are made up of three subatomic particles - protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• An element is a substance composed entirely of one type of atom.
• Isotope


  Atoms of the same element/number of protons with different number of neutrons
• Compound


  Two or more different elements chemically bonded together
• Mixture


  Two or more substances placed in the same container without chemical bonds
• Elements


  Made up of atoms
• atoms have no charge
• Periodic table


  Lists all the elements in order of increasing atomic number
• Metals


  • Found on the left side of the periodic table
  • Good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, reflectance, lustre, and ductility/malleability
• Non-metals


  • Found on the right side of the periodic table
  • Not good conductors of electricity and heat
  • Do not reflect light well
  • Brittle at room temperature