reducing risk, treatment & rehabilitation

• Characteristics of the individual/group involved in the activity

  • Age
  • Skill level
  • Levels of fitness
  • Suitable clothing and footwear
  • Hair length, jewellery and nail length
• Larger groups usually involve more safety hazards than small groups
• Emergency action plan (EAP)


  • A written plan of action to be followed in the event of an emergency at a sporting event
  • All sport organisations have an EAP
  • Once created, the EAP must be available and displayed to coaches, first aiders and emergency personnel who may get involved
• EAP


  • Ensures participants' safety
  • People in charge know what to do in an emergency
  • The emergency response should have been planned and practised in advance in case of an emergency
  • Reduces the risk of injuries occurring when someone takes part in sport
• Components of an EAP

  • Emergency personnel
  • Emergency communication
  • Emergency equipment
• Emergency personnel in an EAP


  • Who to contact in an emergency
  • Where/how to contact them
  • Who is the first responder
  • Who are the qualified first aiders
  • Who is the coach
• Emergency communication in an EAP


  • How to contact emergency services
  • The location of the nearest telephone
  • Emergency contact numbers/999
  • Contact details of any on-site specialist provision
• Emergency equipment in an EAP


  • First aid kits
  • Stretchers
  • Defibrillators
  • Evacuation chair
• PRICE therapy


  • Protection
  • Rest
  • Ice
  • Compression
  • Elevation
• PRICE therapy step by step


  1. Apply an ice pack for 30-30 minutes to reduce swelling

  2. Apply bandages on the injured part to induce compression and help support the area

  3. Keep the injured limb above the level of the heart to reduce blood flow to the injured area and reduce swelling
• PRICE therapy


  • Used for acute, but non-serious injuries to soft tissues, such as mild sprains and strains
  • Treatable at home for two or three days
  • Reduces swelling, eases pain and prevents further damage
• 1. rays


  Can be used to detect fractures, dislocations, damage to growth plates, arthritis, bone cancer, infections in bone, and foreign objects
• Recovery position


  • Open the airway by gently tilting the head back and lifting the chin
  • Swing the leg closest to you out at a right angle
  • Take hold of the far hand and put the back of that hand against their cheek
  • Gently pull their arm towards you
  • Take hold of the far leg just above the knee and pull it up, flexing the hip and knee
• Recovery position


  1. Place unresponsive performer who is breathing and has no other life-threatening conditions into the recovery position and call 999 for emergency help

  2. Keeps their airway clear and open and ensures that any vomit or fluid will not cause them to choke
• what is DRABC


  D-danger

  R-response

  A-airway

  B-breathing

  C-circulation
• safety checks - characteristics of the individual/group

  1. experience
  2. medical history
  3. age
  4. skill level
  5. suitable clothing: hair length, jewellery, nail length
• summary

  1. risk and severity of sport injury is reduced by saftekt checks during activity & use of a risk assessment
  2. risk is reduced by medicals & screenings
  3. NGBs have polices concerning reducing risk
• example of EAP

  emergency personnel- officials

  emergency communication- paramedics

  emergency equipment - defibrillator