ATP

Created by

Mee Chan

Cards (17)

what does ATP stand for
adenosine triphosphate
what is ATP
a nucleotide found in ALL living organism
what does ATP contain
3 phosphate groups
a RIBOSE sugar
nitrogenous base ADENINE
where is chemical energy stored
lipids
carbohydrates like glucose
true or false: ATP is an energy store
false -> energy currency
what is ATP
when respiration oxidises glucose in a series of small reactions to release energy
in the form of ATP
when is ATP involved
involved in energy changes
carrying the energy to where it's needed
and releasing energy when ATP is broken
why is ATP called the 'universal energy currency'
as it provides energy for all metabolic reactions
in ALL living organisms
how is energy released
through breaking the terminal phosphate-phosphate bond
what does ATP provide energy for
active transport
muscle contractions
nerve impulse transmissions
secretion
protein synthesis
what does the enzyme ATP synthase do
combines ADP and Pi in a condensation reaction
how much energy is needed in an endergonic reaction
30.6kJ mol^-1
what is Pi
an inorganic phosphate
what is phosphorylation
addition of phosphate to ADP
describe the hydrolysis of ATP
the enzyme ATPase hydrolyses the terminal phosphate bond
releasing a small packet of energy (30.6kJ mol^-1)
in an exergonic reaction
this forms ADP and Pi
what are the advantages of using ATP
synthesis + hydrolysis is quick + easy
only 1 enzyme needed to release energy through the breaking of 1 high energy bond
releases small packets to energy (30.6kJ) when + where it's needed
common source of energy for different chemical reactions (universal)
easily transported across membranes
what are the disadvantages of using glucose
many enzymes needed to release energy
releases large quantities of energy that may not be needed (generates lots of heat)
only releases energy through respiration
requires proteins to cross a membrane