Temperature

• Temperature is defined as the common physical property that two objects must have when they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
• Two objects are said to be in thermal equilibrium with each other if there is NO net transfer of energy between them.
• Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 kelvin.
• Specific latent heat is the amount of heat energy required to change the state of 1kg of substance from solid to liquid or liquid to mass at a constant temperature.
• GAS THERMOMETER:

  • physical property is pressure or volume
  • has greater range
  • it is bulky and inconvenient to use
  • small body temperature cannot be measured
• LIQUID IN GLASS:

  • physical property is volume
  • convenient and moderately quick
  • range is limited
  • scale quite linear
• RESISTANCE THERMOMETER:

  • physical property is resistance
  • range from 260-1700
  • very sensitive
  • small body temperature can be measured
• THERMOCOUPLE:

  • physical property is emf
  • scale not linear
  • rapidly varying temperature
  • small object temperature can be measured
• SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY:

  $c=$$Q/mΔT$

  • Q= heat energy
  • c=specific heat capacity
  • T is thermodynamic temperature
• HEAT ENERGy:$Q=$$mcΔθ$

  • Q= heat energy
  • m= mass of substance
  • Δθ= change in temperature
• HEAT ENERGY FOR CONSTANT TEMPERATURE:

  $Q=$$mlf$

  $Q=$$mlv$

  note that: Q=(IV)t