exsc 333 final

• ATP stored in muscles - build up to ADP
• ADP to protein Kinase
• Endergenous- internally created

  • amino acids synthesize creatine we produce 1 g per day
• exgenous= externally created

  • 120-140 g storage
  • 95% in muscles
  • type 2 fibers 4/6x more PCR
• how much creatine recommended per day

  2-5 g
• carbohydrate ingestion augments creatine digestion
• caffeine crosses all body tissues including blood-brain barrier
• caffeine peaks 1 hour after ingestion
• 3-6 hours caffeine ingestion is cut in half
• 2 cups of coffee is sufficient for optimal performance
• metabolism increases the release of free-fatty acids
• metabolism

  1. has direct impact on adipose tissue
  2. stimulates epinephrine release ( inc. lipase sensitivity)
• CNS responses

  • analistic relief
  • stimulant
  • measured using RPE (percieves exertion)
  • lowers threshold
  • NO ATP (energy)
  • nerve transmission (jittery)
• caffeine side effects

  • gi distress
  • restlessness
  • Headache
  • insomnia
  • irritability
  • muscle twitchign
  • heart rate increase
• caffeine does not have a diuretic effect
• caffeine increases urination
• anabolic= tissue building
• androgenic= developing male traits
• men have 10 times testosterone
• anabolic control act of 1990: made it a federal offense to possess or sell steroids for non-medical use
• testosterone storage= 95% testes, 5% adrenal glands
• steroids are lipid soluble
• synthetic testosterone = optimizes anabolic , reduces androgenic
• testosterone available through pills, patches, creams (pills not used )
• creams are undetectable
• steroid benefits=

  1. increased protein synthesis
  2. anticatabloic effec
  3. increases RBC
  4. Stimulates CNS
• reversible steroid side effects

  1. acne
  2. depression
  3. high cholesterol
  4. low immune function
  5. testicular atrophy
• irreversible effects

  1. cancer
  2. CVD
  3. Stroke
  4. liver disease
  5. impedance
  6. male traits
• autologous transfusion= individuals own blood (least common)

  elevated hemoglobin for 2 weeks
• Homologous transfusion=someone else's blood

  8-20% increase in hemoglobin
• Erythropoietin: natural hormone, stimulates RBC growth

  12% hemoglobin increase