CAM treatments

• Horehound


  Flowering plant in the mint family
• Uses of white horehound

  • Digestion problems including DM, loss of appetite, indigestion, bloating, gas, diarrhea, constipation, liver, and gallbladder complaints
  • Lung and breathing problems like cough, whooping cough, asthma, tuberculosis, bronchitis, and swollen breathing passages
  • Painful menstrual periods
• Curcumin/Turmeric


  3A4 inhibitor
• Curcumin/Turmeric


  Ginger family
• Curcumin/Turmeric


  • Native to southeast asia and grown commercially in that region
  • Underground stem is used as a culinary spice and traditional medicine
• Uses of curcumin/turmeric


  • Disorders of the skin, upper respiratory tract, joints, and digestive system
  • Arthritis, digestive disorders, respiratory infections, allergies, liver disease, depression, etc.
• Turmeric supplements


  Made from the dried rhizome and contain a mixture of curcuminoids
• Side effects of curcumin/turmeric

  • Nausea, diarrhea, dizziness
• Ginger


  2C9, 3A4, pgp inhibitor
• Ginger


  The spice comes from the rhizome of the plant
• Ginger


  • Used in oriental countries for medicinal purposes since the 1500s
• Uses of ginger


  • Mild nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, hasn't been shown to help with chemotherapy, unclear whether it is helpful for postoperative nausea and vomiting
  • Menstrual cramps
• Ginger


  • Can be taken orally and used for topical use
• Side effects of ginger

  • Abdominal discomfort, heartburn, diarrhea, mouth and throat irritation
• Fenugreek


  Clover like herb native to mediterranean region, southern europe and western asia
• Fenugreek


  • Seeds have been used in cooking and as medicine, smell like maple syrup
  • Ingredient in spice blends and flavoring in beverages, and tobacco, soaps, cosmetics
• Uses of fenugreek


  • DM, cramps, other conditions to stimulate milk production during breastfeeding
• Flaxseed


  In the form of seeds, oils, powder, tablets, capsules, flour
• Nutrients in flaxseed


  • Lignants, antioxidants, fiber, protein, and PUFAs such as omega-3
• Health benefits of flaxseed

  • Reducing cancer, improving cholesterol and heart health, arthritis, reducing hot flashes, improving blood sugar, preventing constipation, and reducing impact of radiation
• Yohimbe


  3A4, 2D6, substrate
• Yohimbe


  MAOi inhibitor
• Yohimbe


  Interaction with antihypertensives
• Yohimbe


  • Evergreen tree native to central and western africa
  • Contains compound yohimbine in its bark and has been used as an aphrodisiac to enhance sexual performance
• Uses of yohimbe


  • Erectile dysfunction, athletic performance, weight loss, angina, HTN, diabetic neuropathy
• Yohimbine is available as a prescription drug as well
• It is illegal in the United States to market an over-the-counter product containing yohimbine as a treatment for erectile dysfunction without getting approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to do so
• Side effects of yohimbe


  • Hypertension, nausea, diarrhea, anxiety
• Garcinia Cambogia


  Native to india and southeast asia
• Garcinia Cambogia


  • Fruit pulp and rind have been used as condiment and food preservative
  • Rind has hydroxycitric acid which has an effect on appetite and is marketed for weight loss, joint pain, digestive symptoms, and improving athletic performance
• Liver toxicity has been reported with Garcinia Cambogia
• Valerian


  Plant native to europe and asia
• Uses of valerian


  • Insomnia, migraine, fatigue, and stomach cramps, anxiety, depression, premenstrual syndrome, menopause, headaches
• Whether valerian is helpful for sleep problems is inconsistent→ recommended against by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
• Side effects of valerian


  • Sedation, headache, dizziness
• Milk Thistle


  3A4 inhibitor
• Uses of milk thistle

  • Hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, DM, indigestion and other symptoms
  • Liver disorders and gallbladder problems
• Results from trials about liver diseases and DM have been conflicting and not definite
• Side effects of milk thistle


  • Headache, pruritus, nausea, diarrhea
• Rhodiola


  Grows in cold regions at high altitudes