chem lab new

• Solubility


  Ability of solid or gas to dissolve in a liquid
• Solvent


  Solution that does the dissolving
• Solute


  Substance being dissolved
• Miscible


  When two liquids mix completely
• Immiscible


  Liquids that do not mix completely
• Density


  Mass to volume ratio; less dense will float
• Weighing by difference technique


  Determining and recording the mass of an empty container and the container and chemical
• Tare feature


  Recalibrates balance to zero
• Meniscus


  Bottom of the meniscus shows volume
• Mass measurements

  • 2 digits past the decimal
• Volume measurements

  • 2 digits past the decimal
• combination reaction


  a+b=ab
• decomposition reaction


  abc=ab+c
• single displacement reaction


  ac+b=ab+c
• double displacement reaction


  ac+bd=ad+bc
• oxidation


  loss of electrons
• reduction


  gain of electrons
• actual yield/ experimental yield


  amount of product recovered
• theoretical yield


  amount of product produced from the limiting reagent if the reaction were 100% efficient
• what is the theoretical yield calculated from

  limiting reagent
• percent yield

  ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield
• limiting reagent

  completely used up in reaction; smaller number
• coordination compound


  contains a metal ion surrounded by neutral atoms or anions
• ligands


  neutral atoms or anions
• what was the product formed in experiment 4

  coordination compound
• if the filtrate is blue to blue violet

  NiCl2 6H2O is in excess
• if the filtrate is pink and basic

  then C2H8N2 is in excess
• analyte


  species of interest
• titration


  method to analyze how much analyte is present
• in titration, the titrant is added in small increments to the analyte solution until the reaction is complete
• titrant


  species being added
• acid base indicator

  signals end of reaction
• what was the acid base indicator used in experiment 5

  phenolphthalein
• phenolphtalein is colorless at acidic phs (beginning) and pink at basic phs (end); ph range=8.4-10
• neutralization reaction 


  when an acid and base are combined
• concentration of the analyte can be determined using stoichiometry
• more ions=better conductivity
• pure water

  nonelectrolyte
• tap water

  weak electrolyte
• at the equivalence point, the conductivity increases again even though it decreases while being titrated