T1 Peds Assess, FamilyCenterHealthCare, Growth, Development

• What is pediatric growth?

  An increase in the physical size.
• What is pediatric development?

  A continuous, orderly series of conditions leading to activities, new motives for activities, and patterns of behavior.
• What is chronological age?

  Age in years.
• What is developmental age?

  Age based on functional behavior and ability to adapt to the environment.
• What are the stages of growth and development?

  Infant, toddler, preschool, school age, adolescence.
• What age range is infant?

  Birth to 1 year.
• What age range is toddler?

  1 - 3 years.
• What age range is preschool?

  3 - 6 years.
• What age range is school age?

  6 - 12 years.
• What age range is adolescence?

  12 - 18 years.
• How does growth and development go direction-wise?

  Cephalocaudal, proximodistal, and then differentiation.
• What is cephalocaudal?

  Developmental principle where growth occurs from head to toe.
• What is proximodistal?

  Development from the center of the body outward.
• What is differentiation?

  Simple to complex progression of achievement of developmental milestones.
• What factors can influence growth and development?

  Genetics, environment, culture, nutrition, health status, family.
• What has the greatest influence on a child's growth and development?

  Genetic factors.
• What is considered environment for influencing growth and development?

  Physical and psychosocial, prenatal exposures and socioeconomic status (mainly poverty).
• What is considered culture for influencing growth and development?

  Habits, beliefs, language, values.
• What is considered family for influencing growth and development?

  Family structure, dynamics, practices and child rearing philosophies.
• What are factors that can affect growth and development?

  • Intrauterine
  • Birth events
  • Illness and hospitalization
  • Chronic illness
  • Environmental factors (abuse or neglect)
  • Home
  • Genetics
• What are intrauterine factors for G and D?

  Poor nutrition can lead to low birth weight babies, babies with slow development, compromised neurological performance, impaired immune status.
• What happens with substance and drug abuse for pediatrics before birth?

  Neonatal addiction, convulsions, hyperirritability, poor social responsiveness, neurological disturbances, and changes in cognitive function.
• Maternal illnesses like rubella can harm the fetus.
• Environmental exposures like chemicals and radiation can harm the fetus.
• For birth events like prematurity, they reach developmental milestones at the same age if they were born at normal gestation and usually catch up by age of 2.
• What are illness and hospitalization factors that affect G and D?

  Stress, possible separation from family members.
• How can chronic illnesses affect G and D?

  It can interfere with normal progression through developmental levels.
• What are other environmental factors that affect G and D?

  Abuse and neglect.
• What is the initial stage of Erickson's Psychosocial Theory?

  Trust vs Mistrust.
• What is important about Trust vs Mistrust?

  This is the foundation of all other phases, children must learn to signal their frustrations for care but at the same time get care that is not prolonged.
• What age range is trust vs mistrust?

  Birth to 1 year.
• What is the first stage of Piaget's Cognitive Development?

  Sensorimotor.
• What age range is sensorimotor for Piaget?

  Birth to 2 years old.
• What are the 3 events in the sensorimotor phase?

  Separation, Object permanence, Symbols.
• What is the concept of separation in the sensorimotor phase?

  Infants learn to separate themselves from objects in the environment where others besides themselves control the environment and readjustments are needed for mutual satisfaction.
• What is the concept of object permanence?


  Objects that leave visual field still exist.
• When does object permanence usually develop?

  About 9 - 10 months old.
• What is the concept of symbols for the sensorimotor phase?

  Allows infants to think of an object or situation without actually experiencing it. This is also the beginning of understanding time and space.
• At what ages are formal developmental screenings done?

  9 months, 18 months, and 24 - 30 months.
• What test is used to assess for development?

  Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST-II)