TOPIC 10- CONSTRUCTION FIELDWORK

• CONSTRUCTION FIELDWORK

  • is anything, aside from paperwork, that falls under the category of fieldwork in the construction industry
• COMMON CONSTRUCTION FIELDWORK

  • SURVEYING
  • CLEARING AND LAYOUT
  • EARTHWORKS
  • FORMWORKS & SCAFFOLDING
  • CONCRETE WORKS
  • STEEL WORKS
  • MASONRY WORK
• SURVEYING (land surveying)

  • is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial two dimensional or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them. These points are usually on the surface of the Earth, and they are often used to establish maps and boundaries for ownership, locations, such as the designed positions of structural components for construction or the surface location of subsurface features, or other purposes required by government or civil law, such as property sales.
  • LAND SURVEYOR
• CLEARING AND LAYOUT

  • prepares the site for the planned project’s development. Trees, the roots of fallen trees, grass, logs, unwanted plants, and other surface objects should all be removed from the area, as should other undesirable things such as unsecured litter and rubbish. If there are any plants or trees that must be preserved, they should stay within the lines set forth.
• EARTHWORKS

  • are engineering works created through the processing of parts of the earth's surface involving quantities of soil or unformed rock.
  • The goal is to establish a FOUNDATION that is perfect for a variety of construction projects, such as large-scale ones like building roads, highways, dams, and buildings, as well as smaller ones like decks, pools, and driveway.
• FORMWORK

  • mold used to shape concrete into structural elements such beams, columns, slabs, walls, and staircases in the building industry. Workers place TEMPORARY FORMS on either side of a foundation and pour concrete into them, creating a solid base. Up until it reaches the required strength, new concrete is poured and compacted to the framework. The framework's main function is to securely support the reinforced concrete.
• SCAFFOLDING

  When a building is taller than 1.5 meters, TEMPORARY SCAFFOLDING is built for the workers, and it is made very close to the wall so that the workers can work around the building. To SUPPORT THE WEIGHT of the workers and the materials that are placed on it, the scaffolding must be sturdy. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds shall be plumb and securely braced to prevent swaying and displacement. It shall be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing, or equivalent mean
• CONCRETE WORKS

  • These are the procedures for building using concrete. The essential ingredients—water, aggregate (rock, sand, or gravel), and Portland cement— are combined to create the concrete mix. Thereafter, it is transported by trucks or a concrete mixer to the construction site. Then, it is dispersed into the formwork by being discharged into buckets. Following that, let the concrete achieve the appropriate strength.
• STEEL WORKS

  • A concrete construction needs stability; which steel reinforcement provides. It is built on the idea that when steel and concrete work together, a stronger structure that can withstand external forces results. A frame is created by assembling certain steel parts during the construction of structural steelwork. Achieved by bolting or on-site welding, the operations involve lifting, positioning, and joining components.
• MASONRY WORKS

  • involves placing individual masonry components to create buildings (brick, concrete block, stone, etc). Cement mortar is typically used to bond together the masonry components to form a building. Masonry building may provide elegant walls and floors at a low cost.
• FIELD WORK

  • is defined as the process of observing and collecting data about people, cultures, and natural environments outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting.
• FIELD WORKER

  • anyone who works in the field, whether that field is a field or just out of the office - from technicians, repairmen, farmers, laborers, and more.
• CONSTRUCTION FIELD ENGINEERS

  • also called field and project engineers, are engineering professionals who plan, design and manage building, infrastructure and other construction projects.
• ARCHITECTS

  • spend much of their time in offices, where they develop plans, meet with clients, and consult with engineers and other architects.
• GENERAL CONTRACTOR

  • is responsible for providing all of the material, labor, equipment (such as engineering vehicles and tools) and services.
• SUBCONTRACTORS

  • who are like departmental secretaries, each tasked with handling a limited aspect of the operation.
• CONSTRUCTON WORKER

  • is someone who is employed as part of a construction crew and will perform many tasks that often involve physical labour on a construction site.
• KEY PHASES OF CONSTRUCTION FIELDWORK

  PHASE 1: PRE CONSTRUCTION

  PHASE 2: SITEWORK AND FOUNDATION

  PHASE 3: ROUGH FRAMING

  PHASE 4: EXTERIOR CONSTRUCTION

  PHASE 5: MEP (MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, PLUMBING)

  PHASE 6: FINISHES AND CLOSURE
• PHASE 1: PRE CONSTRUCTION

  • The pre construction phase is the point where someone takes an idea and puts it into motion. This stage involves planning, surveying, engineering, design, development, permits, and more. It serves as the roadmap the rest of the project will follow.
• PHASE 2: SITEWORK AND FOUNDATION

  • It is when the project finally breaks ground. Crews get the site ready by grading the property, digging or drilling for a foundation and footings, and developing a driveway for deliveries and subs. They’ll also drill wells and bring underground utilities to the site, like electricity and gas.
• PHASE 3: ROUGH FRAMING

  • it is when the building starts going vertical. The cranes lift the structural steel into place while steel contractors attach it to the foundation and footings.
• PHASE 4: EXTERIOR CONSTRUCTION

  • It involves “drying in” the building, or sealing it off to the elements. This stage involves installing the windows, doors, siding, roofing, any brick or plasterwork, and everything else the drawings call for on the exterior of the building.
• PHASE 5: MEP(MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, PLUMBING)

  • The general contractor is still on-site and overseeing the project. Mechanical contractors can install boilers, air handlers, ductwork, and other equipment. Electricians can start installing panels, generators, switchgear, and distribution rooms, and pull wire throughout the building. Plumbers are also on-site, running water supply pipes as well as waste, drain, and vent pipes.
• PHASE 6: FINISHES AND CLOSURE

  • The final flourishes are added during this stage. They include glassware, doors, finished carpentry, tiling, carpeting, and more. Once everything is complete and final inspections are made, final walkthrough with the building owner is performed to make sure everything is completed and the structure is ready for occupancy.
• IMPORTANCE OF CONSTRUCTION FIELDWORK

  1. Field Experience Helps You to Be a Practical Engineer
  2. Field Experience Allows You to Start with the End in Mind so You Don’t Just Start with the Design First
  3. Field Experience Forces You to Interact with People
  4. Field Experience Allows You Get to Know the Industry
  5. Once You Get Promoted, Your Chances of Gaining Field Experience Diminish Greatly
• DO'S IN A CONSTRUCTION SITE

  • Do wear personal protective equipment.
  • Do listen to the foreman.
  • Do watch where you’re going.
  • Do pay attention to the surroundings.
• DON'TS IN A CONSTRUCTION SITE

  • Don’t climb anything that isn’t a fully constructed stair.
  • Don’t keep using equipment you are not experienced with. Don’t touch any tool or equipment.
  • Don’t wear clothing unsuitable for a construction site.
  • Don’t keep wandering into unsafe areas.
• PPE

  • Head Protection
  • Eye Protection
  • Hearing Protection
  • High-visibility hat, vets, pants
  • Chaps Pants
  • Hand Protection
  • Foot Protection
  • Harness Lanyard
• Construction Safety Rules

  1. Always wear PPE
  2. Be mindful and follow signs
  3. Provide clear instructions
  4. Keep side tidy
  5. Organize and store tools properly
  6. Use the right equipment for the right tasks
  7. Have an emergency response plan
  8. Set up safeguards
  9. Do pre checks on tools and equipment
  10. Report issues immediately
• TWO TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

  1. LIGHT CONSTRUCTION
  2. HEAVY CONSTRUCTION
• LIGHT CONSTRUCTION

  LIGHT COMMERCIAL construction can best be described as small-scale construction projects.

  LIGHT CONSTRUCTION equipment ranges includes rammers, vibratory rollers, walk behind rollers, add-on compactors and many other equipment
• HEAVY CONSTRUCTION

  • is used to describe big and complex projects that start from the ground up. Heavy and civil engineering construction contractors build sewers, roads, highways, bridges, tunnels, and other large government and city projects.
• LIGHT CONSTRUCTION FIELDWORKS

  • Carpentry
  • Plaster works
  • Scaffolding
  • Form Works
  • Masonry Works
  • Steel Reinforcement Works
  • Concrete Works
  • Roofing Works
  • Electrical Works
  • Piping Works
  • Tile Works
  • Glass Works
  • Painting Works
• HEAVY CONSTRUCTION FIELDWORK

  • Rock excavation/Blasting
  • Paving
  • Piles and Pile Driving
  • Cofferdams
  • Caissons
  • Construction Dewatering