CHAPTER 3.1

• Performance art


  A type of artistic expression in which a person or people carry out an action or actions for an audience in a certain venue or location and at a specific time
• Performance Art


  • Central to the process and execution is the live presence of the artist and the real actions of his/her body, to create and present an ephemeral art experience to an audience
  • The body is considered the primary Medium and conceptual material on which Performance Art is based
• Dance


  A bodily expression "high rhythmic movement" of an intensified feeling of life, an expressive body movement usually coordinated into a pattern and adapted to musical accompaniment
• Dancing


  A way of moving the body in time to music, expressing one's emotions through movement disciplined by rhythm
• Purpose of Dance


  • The dance employs no other instrument but the human body itself, which is ever available as the most eloquent and responsive of all instruments
  • The dance is dependent on the human body, ils possibilities, limitations and malformations
  • The human body has technical attributes even when lying down, sitting, standing, jumping, and twisting on air, all the while with support from the spine
  • The human body has five axes, when one turns on his axis, he feels high, glorified, and exalted
  • Balance can bring man dose to Godliness
• Kinds of Dance


  • Communal Dance
  • Ritual Dance
  • Folk Dance
  • Social Dance
• Choreography


  Fills the stage with a progressive series of pictures, using both the solo and dancers
• Elements of Dance


  • Theme
  • Design
  • Movement
  • Technique
  • Music
  • Costume and Props
  • Choreography
  • Scenery
• Film


  A piece of visual art that uses moving images to convey ideas, tales, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or ambiance in addition to simulating experiences
• Time in film


  Typically aligned with the real world within a single shot, but may vary between shots based on conventions. Most movies present the story chronologically and in real time, except for specific conventions
• Aspects of Time in Film


  • Physical time
  • Psychological time
  • Dramatic time
• Space in film


  This are of great importance for the establishment of meaning in films. These spaces add value to the film in terms of their emotional bonds with the audience. Cinema creates the meaning by featuring spaces and molding them within the context of economic, political, and communal aspects
• Cinematographic Techniques


  • Scale
  • Shooting Angle
  • Lighting
  • Sound
  • Cutting
  • Transition Devices (Fade, Dissolve, Iris-In, Iris-Out, Turnover)
  • Camera Movement
  • Framing
• The first two aesthetic factors exclusive only to film are Denomination and Specialization of Time
• Close-up


  A cinematographic technique that emphasizes significance
• Communal Dance


  Members of primitive tribal societies made use of the dance as a form of magic, or a method for in their struggle for existence against the elements of nature
• Ritual Dance


  An organized dance, with a definite design, purpose and meaning used to celebrate nature and mythology
• Folk Dance


  Evolved from the regional memories of older motifs in communal dance, reflected people's "unconscious paganism" in events such as the celebration of the harvest and in some ordinary events
• Social Dance


  Has a gay and lively character, its nature reflected related elements of the respective time periods, the elaborate and colorful designs in clothes, the spacious floor areas of court and places, and the elegance of the successive periods
• Choreography


  Or "stance composition" fills the stage with a progressive series of pictures, using both the solo and dancers
• Theater


  A building specifically designed for the purpose of presenting dramatic performances before an audience. However, there are open air theaters that do not necessarily make use of definite buildings.
• Elements of Theater


  • Performers
  • Audience
  • Director
  • Theatre Space
  • Text/Script
• Performers


  The first element essential to theatre is performance because acting is a heart of all theatre. Acting is a very demanding profession; in addition to innate talent- the actor must have the poise and authority to appear on stage before an audience, and the ability to portray a character convincingly
• Audience


  The essence of theatre is interaction between the performers and the audience. Without the desired interaction between the actors and the spectators, the theatre would be a flop.
• Director

  the pivotal element of theatre rehearses the actors and coordinates their performances to make certain that they interpret the text/script appropriately, and excitingly.
• Theatre Space


  Another necessary element of a theatre is the space which the performers and audience come together.
• Text/Script


  The final element essential to a theatre is the next that is performed. There are good and bad scripts; they can make or unmake performances in theatre production.
• Principle of Theatrical Balance


  1. Directors give their actors the entire business - teaching them on how to act every part of their roles, including the proper gestures and voice tones - and closely regulating the entire production.

  2. Directors who let their actors alone - This allows the actors free rein in the interpretation of their roles.
• Avenues of Theatre


  • Avenue of the ear (auditory) - sounds, words.
  • Avenue of the eye (visual) - actions, facial expression
• Drama


  It is written primarily to be performed not to be read. It is a presentation or action a. through actors (the impact is direct and immediate), b. on a stage (a captive audience)/ and c. before an audience (suggesting a communal experience).
• Elements of Drama


  • Plot
  • Conflict
  • Protagonist and antagonist
  • Artistic Unity
  • Plot Manipulated
• Plot


  The sequence of events or incidents of which the story is composed.
• Conflict


  A clash of actions, desires or wills.
• Protagonist


  The central character, who can be sympathetic or unsympathetic.
• Antagonist


  The forces working against the protagonist, whether persons, things, conventions of society, or traits of their own character.
• Artistic Unity


  Essentials to a good plot; nothing irrelevant; good arrangement.
• Plot Manipulated


  A good plot should not have any unjustified or unexpected turns or twist, no false leads; no deliberate and misleading information.
• Presentation Methods


  • Direct Presentation
  • Indirect Presentation
• Direct Presentation


  Author tells us straight out, by exposition or analysis, or through another person.
• Indirect Presentation


  Author shows us character in action; the reader infers what a character is like from what she/he thinks, or says, or does.