DISORDERS & DISEASES OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)


  Caused by frequent episodes of acid reflux. This happens when the muscle at the end of the esophagus does not close properly, allowing acid from the stomach to flow or leak into the esophagus.
• GERD


  • Can be treated by taking antacids or by surgery
  • Can be prevented by eating food that trigger heartburn, such as alcohol, fatty, spicy, and acidic foods
• Constipation


  A condition where bowel movement is infrequent and difficult to excrete because of dry, hard stool. Caused by slow peristaltic movement in the large intestine that makes the stool or feces dry and hard.
• Diarrhea


  The opposite of constipation. Soft watery stool and increased frequency of excretion. May be caused by microorganisms such as virus and bacteria that irritates the colon and interrupt the absorption of water.
• Diarrhea


  • Drink lots of fluids to replenish what is lost in the feces, and consult your doctor
  • Prolonged diarrhea may lead to dehydration and death
• Appendicitis


  Caused by the blockage of hard mass of feces or parasitic infection that makes the appendix swell. Causes serious pain that starts at the center of the abdomen, then transfers to the lower right side.
• Appendicitis


  • Can be treated or removed through operation
  • If not treated it will eventually burst and can be fatal
• Abdominal Pain


  Described as a mild pain, sharp pain, deep pain, or stomach cramp. May be caused by indigestion, constipation, amoebiasis, diarrhea, menstruation, food poisoning, and endometriosis.
• Peptic Ulcer


  A painful open lesions in the stomach (stomach ulcer) or in the duodenum of the small intestine (duodenal ulcer). The result of the imbalance digestive fluids in the stomach and duodenum caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
• Stomach Cancer


  Also known as Gastric Cancer. It is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the stomach. Age, diet, and stomach disease can affect the risk of developing gastric cancer.
• Stomach Cancer


  • Symptoms include indigestion and stomach discomfort or pain
  • Risk factors are consuming food with large amount of nitrites and nitrates, such as processed foods like hotdog, bacon, and French fries
• Colorectal Cancer


  Malignancy in the area of the colon or rectum that may be diet-induced. Also referred to as colon cancer or rectal cancer, depending on where they start.
• Colorectal Cancer


  • Risk factors are food low in fiber but high in fats and calories
• Uses of Gerunds:


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