21st century

• Guiterrez Mangansakan II - a filmaker and writer from pagalugan, Maguindanao.
• Guiterrez Mangansakan -Editor of children of the ever-changing moon(2007)
• Context - anything beyond the specific words of a literary work that may be relevant to understanding the meaning
• Literary text- a piece of written material, such as book or poem that has the purpose of telling a story or entertaining, as in a fictional novel.
• Marlie M. Alunan- born in Dingle, iloilo
• Merlie M. Alunan- graduated with creative writing degree from siliman university
• Context- background of the text which may have been influenced by the author's life, language, society, and culture.
• Imagery- language awakens the readers sensory perceptions through words and phrases
• Cacophony- this sound device refers to words or phrases with harsh sounds that create a disturbing tone ( onomatopoeia)
• Euphony - sound device refers to words or phrases with melodic sound that create a calming tone
• Linguistic context- a discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation
• Textual Reading Approach- the reader concentrate on the structure of the text rather than the deeper meaning beyond its context.
• Gender critism- examines how sexual identity influences thethe creation, interpretation, and evaluation of literary works (Kennedy, 2017)
• Feminist (gender) critism (1960's present) - concerned with "the ways in which literature reinforces or undermine the economic, political, social, and psychological oppression of women
• First wave feminist ( late 1700s- early 1900s) - Mary Wollstonecraft highlights the inequalities between the sexes
• Second wave feminism ( early 1960s-late 1970s) - building more on equal working conditions necessary inin America during World War II, movements such as the National Organization for womenwomen (NOW)
• Third wave feminism (early 1990s- present) - resisting the perceived essentialist ideologist and a white, heterosexual, middle class focus of second wave feminism, and borrows from post structural and contemporary gender and race theories to expand on marginalized population