Reading And Writing ( SEMI-FINALS EXAM )

• Evaluative statement


  A way of giving explanation to show the strengths and weaknesses of something through writing
• Evaluative statement


  Presents a value judgment based on a set of criteria
• Evaluative statement

  The writer's way of explaining why strength is a strength and a weakness is a weakness based on the evidence gathered
• Formulating evaluative statements

  1. Read the text carefully and critically, grasping the essence of the text and checking for possible fallacies in the argument

  2. Formulate assertions about the content and properties of the text

  3. Formulate a meaningful counterclaim in response to a claim made in the text
• Evaluative statements


  • Contain evaluative language such as useful, significant, important, insightful, detailed, up-to-date, comprehensive, practical
• Counterclaim


  An opposition you make about the claim of a writer
• Hedge

  A word or phrase that minimizes the negative impact of criticism
• Hedges

  • Modals - may, could, would
  • Frequency adverbs - usually, generally, commonly
  • Probability adverbs - probably, possibly, presumably
• Assertion


  An act of declaring what is right based on evidence presented
• Tips for writing assertions

  • Be knowledgeable
  • Back it all up
  • Be clear and concise
  • Be thematic
• Descriptive meaning


  Deals with the presentation of facts, provides expressive details about the situation
• Evaluative meaning


  Gives assessment, expresses judgment, disapproval, strengths, and weaknesses
• Elements of a well written text

  • Unity and logical arrangement of ideas
  • Appropriateness of language use
  • Proper grammar
  • Punctuation, spelling, and format
• To be an effective critical evaluator, it is important to identify the properties of a text read whether it is a fact or opinion, and inference or a conclusion, and a fallacy or a judgment
• Fact


  True information based on evidence
• Opinion


  A belief based on person's judgement without certainty
• Inference


  A process of reacting to a conclusion
• Conclusion


  An end or a sum up as a result of something
• Fallacy


  The use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning, or "wrong moves" in the construction of an argument
• Judgment


  A decision which is a product of careful thought
• The ability to analyze an argument is essential to understanding the text more deeply, but understanding the claim is not the only facet of the argument
• Evaluations must have positive or negative assertions based on living proofs
• It is important for the evaluator to label the argument and/or evaluation based on positive and negative, since it is the point where the assertion starts
• When providing feedback, begin with the positives, keep it concise, focus on the situation not the person when pointing out negatives, and provide a solution or suggested improvement to the negatives with a justification