science 4th

• Gas


  Phase of matter with no definite size and shape
• Particles speed up and spread out


  When the temperature is increased
• Kinetic-molecular theory


  Particles of matter are in constant motion
• Gas inside the weather balloon

  Decreases in volume when the temperature is lowered
• Aerosol can thrown on fire

  Will eventually explode due to the pressure build-up from the heat
• Boyle's Law


  When mass is held constant, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional
• Change in temperature


  Affects the volume of the car's tire
• Increase in the number of molecules

  Striking the wall of the container at the same period of time
• Ideal gas


  A real gas most closely approaches the behavior of an ideal gas under conditions of low pressure and high temperature
• If the temperature decreases


  The volume of gas in the ball will decrease
• The falling raindrops does not involve the application of gas pressure, unlike burning wood in a fireplace, rising bread dough, and inflating a basketball
• The volume of gases

  Increases as the temperature increases, causing a blown-up tire
• Water molecules can be tightly packed together, allowing for more water to be added even when the glass appears full
• Charles' Law


  As the temperature of a gas increases, its volume also increases
• Gay-Lussac's law


  • Pressure cookers
• Ideal gas law


  Involves pressure, temperature, and volume
• The safest location to store compressed gases is in a confined or closed vessel, as it helps prevent leaks and ensures safety
• The average kinetic energies of different gases are different at the same temperature' is not in harmony with the kinetic-molecular theory of gases
• Particles move faster


  When the temperature is increased
• Carbohydrates


  Play a primary role in the human body by providing energy for daily activities
• Enzymes


  Fall under the classification of catalytic protein because they act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions
• Common source of carbohydrates in a typical Asian diet

  • Rice
• Amino acids


  The building blocks of protein
• Glycogen


  Stored in the liver and muscle tissues in the body
• Mercury cannot be found in a human body, as it is a toxic heavy metal that is not naturally present in the body's composition
• Fats


  Provide the most energy per gram among macronutrients
• Monomers


  The basic building units of all organic compounds
• Messenger RNA (mRNA)


  The type of RNA synthesized and processed into mature mRNA
• Good source of protein


  • Chicken
• DNA


  Serves as a template for protein synthesis, providing instructions for the production of proteins within cells
• Amino acid


  Tissue repair
• Examples of carbohydrates


  • Sugar
  • Starch
  • Cellulose
  • Glucose
• Nucleic acid


  Contains carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and hydrogen in its structure
• Chemical Reactions


  • Rotting of tomatoes
• Chemical equation


  The term that describes the use of symbols to indicate a chemical reaction
• During a chemical reaction, the law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed
• Product


  The new substance formed when bonds are broken or formed in a chemical reaction
• Scenario demonstrating a chemical reaction

  • Milk souring
• The most convincing proof that a chemical reaction occurs when coal is burned is the formation of a new substance and the change in the form of carbon produced
• Scenario representing a chemical change

  • Mixing vinegar and baking soda to create a fizzing reaction