PPG/M13.CIVIL SOCITY & SOCIAL MOV./5TH.LESSON/4TH QUARTER

• Social movement


  A set of attitudes and self-conscious actions by the people who seek to change society's structure or ideology
• Social movement


  A non-institutionalized effort to change society through collective action
• Characteristics of social movements

  • Organized
  • Collective
  • Persistent efforts of group to resist or oppose existing structures
• Counter-movements


  Seek to resist the change advocated by a social movement
• Four principal traits of social movements

  • A new or altered perspective
  • An ideology that sustains the members of the movement and helps them remain loyal during the difficult periods when the movement meets resistance
  • A commitment to action and the belief that something must be done to bring about to change
  • A divided leadership no central controlling organization at the helm, especially at the early stages
• Types of social movements

  • Reform movements
  • Revolutionary movements
  • Resistance movements
  • Expressive movements
• Reform movements


  Aim at alterations in the existing order to make it more acceptable. Seek to make the existing order more effective or more equitable for more people.
• Reform movements

  • Various AIDS groups seeking greater access to treatment facilities and available drugs and a larger investment of time and money in AIDS research
• Revolutionary movements

  Aim to overthrow the existing social structure and replace it with the new one. Seek radical change and always seek to alter the power structure of the society.
• A key to success of a revolution is that they be able to put aside their differences and cooperate with one another to overthrow the government.
• Resistance movements


  Aim to prevent change or reverse a change that has already been achieved.
• Resistance movements


  • Pro-life group movement, Charter-change movement
• Expressive movements


  Seek to change individuals, who will then either change the social order or adopt better to the existing order.
• Expressive movements


  • Religious movements, Charismatic (El Shaddai) and Couples for Christ stressing the experience of "speaking in tongues"
• Theories of social movements

  • Absolute deprivation theory
  • Relative deprivation theory
  • Resource mobilization theory
• Absolute deprivation theory


  States that the working class even with their longer hours of work could barely support their family's basic needs, leading to the possibility of revolt and breaking existing structures that cause their exploitation
• The socialist slogan "Workers of the world unite, you have nothing to lose but your chains" is manifestation of the absolute deprivation theory.
• Relative deprivation theory


  Refers to the conscious feelings of negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and present actual realities, which may lead to collective action and mobilization against the authorities or groups causing their miseries
• Resource mobilization theory


  Refers to the type of mobilization utilizing resources like money, media, political influence and influential people to articulate a group's grievances and frustrations and in the process popularized their causes
• Forms of social movements

  • Redemptive or "Messianic" movements
  • Revolutionary movements
  • Reform movements
  • Reactionary movements
  • Utopian movements
• Redemptive or "Messianic" movements

  Usually religious in character and do not attempt to change the society, but engaged primarily in attracting people to their religious causes and beliefs such as God's deliverance and the salvation of their soul
• Revolutionary movements


  Making their ideological beliefs as a guide and weapon, seek radical change; abolish the existing order
• Revolutionary movements


  • Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), National Democratic Front (NDF), New People's Army (NPA), Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)
• Reform movements


  Seek only to improve, reform or revise an existing order, but do not attempt to abolish it
• Reform movements


  • The Propaganda movement, which sought the assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of Spain
• The Katipunan was a revolutionary movement because it fought for the separation of the Philippines from Spain.
• Reactionary movements


  Seek to restore the status quo after social changes. Their aim is to revert back to the old practices in the system.
• Utopian movements


  Promise an ideal if not perfect harmonious existence in society for its members. Convince their members that they can live in justice, freedom, equality, wisdom, beauty and plenty.
• Utopian movements


  • Tomas More, Francis Bacon, Proudhon, Robert Owen
• Terrorism


  The use of violence against civilians as the target for the purpose of intimidation to achieve political ends
• Types of terrorism


  • State terrorism
  • Revolutionary terrorism
• State terrorism


  Applied as a method of repression by authoritarian and totalitarian governments to maintain power and secure social and political control, using the state apparatus to spread terror against suspected dissidents and political opposition groups
• Revolutionary terrorism


  Occurs when terrorism is resorted to by legitimate revolutionary groups to achieve their strategic objective of toppling the state
• The NPA and the MILF refused to be labeled as "terrorist" groups by both the US and the Philippines.