Respiration

• Respiration is the process of transferring energy from glucose which occurs in every cell
• Respiration is exothermic as it transfers energy to the environment
• Metabolism is all the chemical reactions in an organism
• Starch is a storage molecule in plant cells
• Glycogen is a storage molecule in animal cells
• Cellulose is a component of plant cell walls
• Lipid molecules are each made from one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids
• Glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids
• Glucose is broken down in respiration
• Metabolism is the sum of all the reactions that happen in a cell or the body
• Excess protein is broken down in a reaction to produce urea
• Aerobic respiration is respiration using oxygen and is the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose
• Aerobic respiration happens inside mitochondria
• glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water


  Equation for aerobic respiration
• Anaerobic respiration is used if there's not enough oxygen. It is the incomplete breakdown of glucose.
• Anaerobic respiration does not transfer nearly as much energy as aerobic respiration so it is only used in emergencies
• glucose --> lactic acid


  Equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
• Equation for anaerobic respiration in plants + yeast

  glucose --> ethanol + carbon dioxide
• Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called fermentation
• Fermentation in application

  • breadmaking
  • alcoholic beverages