Mod 3: Nation, State, & Globalization

• Power


  The ability to do something and achieve desired outcome
• Control


  Imposes force on someone to do something they do not want to do
• Influence


  Uses persuasion to change the mindset or attitude of someone that renders them obedient or willing to do something
• Types of power


  • Expert power
  • Referent power
  • Reward power
  • Legitimate power
  • Coercive power
• Sources of power


  • Authority
  • Human resources
  • Skills, knowledge, and talents
  • Psychological factors
  • Material resources
  • Sanctions
• Lord Acton: 'Power tends to corrupt. Absolute power corrupts absolutely.'
• Authority


  The right to enforce obedience without question and it exists without the imposition of sanctions
• Types of authority


  • Traditional authority
  • Rational-legal authority
  • Charismatic authority
  • Coercive authority
• State


  A political/legal group; refers to a community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own and enjoying freedom from external control
• Elements of a state


  • People
  • Territory
  • Government
  • Sovereignty
• Components of territory


  • Aerial domain
  • Terrestrial domain
  • Fluvial and maritime domain
• Ways of acquiring territory

  • Discovery and occupation
  • Prescription
  • Subjugation and annexation
  • Cession
  • Accretion
• Internal sovereignty


  The ability of the state to enforce rules and policies within its territory or jurisdiction
• External sovereignty


  The freedom of the state from external control, also known as independence
• Elements of sovereignty


  • Dominium
  • Imperium
• Sovereignty


  The ability of the state to self-rule or to govern itself and is free from any foreign control
• Types of Sovereignty


  • Internal Sovereignty (Domestic) - ability to enforce rules and policies within its territory or jurisdiction
  • External Sovereignty (International) - also known as independence, it is the freedom of the state from external control
• Elements of Sovereignty


  • Dominium - The ability of the state to own and acquire lands and resources within its territory
  • Imperium - The ability of the state to enforce its will on the people
• Salus populi suprema lex - the welfare of the people is the supreme law
• Sic utere ut alienum non laedas - use your property in such a manner as not to injure that of another
• Power of eminent domain


  • Presence of private property - the power concerns the things owned by individuals and not by the state
  • Necessity of taking - the taking of the private property must be justified by the purpose of public use or utility
  • Having just compensation - the property taken from its owner must be paid with fair and adequate equivalent
• Taxation


  • Uniform Taxation - persons belonging to the same class shall be taxed at the same rate
  • Equitable Taxation - tax burden must be imposed according to the taxpayers' capacity
  • Progressive Taxation - as the resources of the taxpayer becomes higher, his rates likewise increase
• Nation


  A cultural entity; a large group of people bound together by common culture, language, history, and descent
• Elements of a Nation


  • Shared Similarities - demographic characteristics such as language, descent, and religion, or may be common culture or historical experiences
  • Feeling of Community - people in a group perceive that their shared similarities binds them together into one unified entity
• Nationalism


  Patriotism directed against other nations
• Patriotism


  Devotion to one's country
• Polystate Nation


  A nation which consists of several states
• Multinational State


  A state that consists of several nations
• Nation-State


  The integration of the state and the nation
• Globalization


  Global interconnectedness; a process through which societies have become so intertwined or interconnected that events and decisions in one part of the world have significant effects on the lives of people in the other parts of the world
• Dimensions of Globalization


  • Economic Globalization - all economies have been integrated in a global community where there are less economic barriers, and more capital flowing freely between countries
  • Cultural Globalization - increased cultural interconnectedness across the globe, principally as a result of the mass media, leading to similar life patterns in different parts of the globe
  • Political Globalization - nation-states recognize the importance of international organizations that have influence on domestic issues