UNIT 5 (Tourism)

• How and why has tourism changed over time?


  1. Paid holidays (help and increase tourism)

  2. Aeroplane invention (help and increase tourism)

  3. Development of social media (help and increase tourism)

  4. People living longer with longer retirement period (help and increase tourism)

  5. Disposable income (help and increase tourism)

  6. Development in leisure activities (help and increase tourism)

  7. Ease between borders (help and increase tourism)

  8. Flexible working hours (help and increase tourism)
• Positives of tourism


  • Get to know new cultures
  • Countries become famous
  • Increase countries economy
• Negatives of tourism


  • Culture and traditions could be affected by outsiders
  • Overpopulation
  • Needs of tourists are considered more than the residents'
  • Western lifestyle dominates and is more attractive (leads to loss of culture)
• Benefits of tourist visiting indigenous groups (Myanmar)

  • Education on culture for tourists
  • Income for indigenous people
  • Eye opener for tourism
  • Woman confidence and contribution (Long Neck Tribe)
• Drawbacks of tourist visiting indigenous groups (Myanmar)


  • Zoo tourism (Long neck tribe) - tourists visiting other people's houses and pointing things out making them feel like they are at a zoo or museum
  • Locals put on a show for the outsiders to over exaggerate and almost romanticise their culture
  • Husbands become dependant on woman (Long Neck Tribe)
  • Lack of privacy
  • Judgement from tourists
  • Dilution of culture as outsiders visit
• Positives of tourism in Venice


  • Cruise ships bring 1.5 million tourists (however, not that beneficial because they don't stay in Venice for long, their spreading is mostly on ship but that opens their eyes on Venice)
• Negatives of tourism in Venice


  • Venetian lives have become very hard
  • More properties have been rented out to tourists
  • Traditional stores are turning into souvenir shops
  • Population has dropped more than half
  • Overpopulation
  • Oil, petrol leaks, vibration, light pollution from cruises
  • Clashes between locals and tourists for privileges
• Coral reefs


  Made up of tiny animals called polyps, they are translucent and their colours come from algae called zooxanthellae
• Importance of coral reefs


  • One of the most diverse ecosystems in the world
  • Providing a home for marine species
  • Supporting the livelihoods of people in the fishing industry
• How are coral reefs threatened?


  1. Ocean acidification: Acidified water has lower Ph levels which means less calcium carbonate is absorbed so coral skeletons dissolve faster

  2. Global warming: Higher sea temperature causes coral bleaching which weakens the structure

  3. Increase in number of storms: Delicate reef structures are damaged by heavy rain and run-off from the land

  4. Sea level rise: Deeper water leads to reduced amounts of sunlight and poorer water quality
• Positives of the Coral gardener project


  • Socially this project provides many new job opportunities that also open up other jobs for them too
  • This is also an economic positive as the people that work in these jobs are earning money that is coming from an eco-friendly job
  • This also attracts tourists that are interested in volunteering too, which gives the country a sustainable source of income as well as educating the tourists and spreading the message on coral reef protection
  • As well as giving the country a reputation among other countries that they are working on sustainable projects which opens up a chance to have sustainable political agreements that will popularise St.Lucia
  • The project is also going to focus on improving the state of the coral reefs and help the environment overall