2B

• Organelle


  A cellular structure that performs specific functions
• Cytosol


  The aqueous fluid that surrounds the organelles inside a cell
• Cytoplasm


  The cytosol and organelles inside the plasma membrane, excluding the nucleus
• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)


  A type of nucleic acid that is key structural component of ribosomes
• Lumen


  The space within a cavity which can act as a passage-way
• Membrane-bound Organelle


  Structure within a cell that is enclosed by a phospholipid bilayer
• Mitochondrion


  The primary site of energy production from aerobic cellular respiration
• Cellular Respiration


  The biochemical process in all living things that converts glucose into ATP. Can be aerobic or anaerobic respiration
• Matrix


  The space inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria
• Crista


  The fold of the inner membrane of the mitochondria
• Aerobic


  requiring oxygen
• Anaerobic


  Requiring no oxygen
• Chloroplast


  A double membrane-bound organelle that contains flattened, fluid-filled sacs that are the site of photosynthesis. Chloroplast also contain their own DNA and ribosomes
• Algae


  A large diverse group of photosynthesis protists found in aquatic environments
• Granum 


  A stack of thylakoids
• Stroma


  The fluid substance that makes up the interior of chloroplast
• Photosynthesis


  The process of converting light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen
• Chlorophyll


  A green pigment found in the thylakoids of chloroplasts. It is responsible for absorbing light energy in photosynthesis
• Endosymbiosis


  When one organism lives inside another in a mutually beneficial relationship
• Endosymbiosis Theory


  A theory suggesting that chloroplasts and mitochondria were one free-living organisms before being engulfed by a larger cell