Xiana Sophia D. Nervar

• Factors to consider when choosing a farm site


  • Water supply
  • Drainage
  • Soil content
  • Nearness to market
  • Good roads and transportation facilities
• Soil preparation


  1. Clean the area

  2. Plow the land

  3. Harrow the garden

  4. Turn the soil sideward

  5. Spread the soil evenly
• Proper soil preparation


  • Necessary to ensure productivity
  • Tilled well for good seed germination and plant growth
• The soil should have the right amount of moisture content when its preparation is started
• The soil should be prepared when it is not wet or too dry
• The right kind of implements should be available
• Plots should not be higher than 6 cm. above the path so that the soil will not dry fast
• The plot is now ready for planting
• Do the exercises on page 178 in your notebook
• Write your answer in your notebook for the assignment on page 179
• Agricultural crops


  Crops that are harvested upon maturity, consumed by both humans and animals in either living state (raw or fresh) or dried, grown in field, pasture, range, forest, and plantation
• Horticulture crops


  Crops that are harvested at different stages and often consumed fresh or raw, grown in gardens, orchards, groves, vineyard, greenhouse, nurseries and plantations
• Agricultural crops classification


  • Agronomic crops
  • Horticulture crops
• Agronomic crops examples


  • Cereal or grain crops
  • Starchy root
  • Tuber crops
• Horticulture crops examples


  • Vegetable crops
  • Fruit crops
  • Edible nuts
  • Ornamental crops
  • Nursery crops
  • Aromatic crops
  • Medicinal crops
• Agricultural crop types


  • Cash crops or commercial crops
  • Subsistence crops
  • Export crops
  • Industrial crops
  • Plantation crops
  • High value crops
• Cash crops or commercial crops


  Grown and sold locally or internationally, planted and sold to support the needs of the family
• Subsistence crops


  Grown for family consumption only, can also be consumed by animal farms
• Export crops


  Grown and sold to other countries
• Industrial crops


  Produced to provide raw materials for industrial production or for the production of fuel for energy purposes
• Plantation crops


  Mass-produced, huge tracts of land are planted with crops that are either sold to local or international market
• High value crops


  Grown because of their high value both in local or international market
• Plantation crops examples


  • Banana
  • Pineapple
  • Sugarcane
• High value crops examples


  • Fruits
  • Ornamental plants
• Plants


  • Living organisms that belong to kingdom plantae
  • Provide food, shelter, and security to both humans and animals
  • Capable of producing their own food through photosynthesis
• Major parts of plants


  • Roots
  • Stem
  • Leaves
  • Flowers
  • Fruit
  • Seed
• Roots


  Absorb water and nutrients from the soil, hold the plant in place, may be fibrous or taproot system
• Root systems


  • Fibrous root system
  • Taproot system
• Stem


  Holds the leaves, has tube-like cells that carry food materials from the roots to the leaves and distribute the food manufactured by the leaves to all parts of the plant, can be woody or herbaceous
• Leaves


  Main food-making organ of the plant, manufacture starch and other carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water, contain chlorophyll, have tiny openings called stomata
• Flowers


  Bear the reproductive organs of plants called pistils and stamen, attract the insects responsible for pollination
• Pollination


  Process of transferring pollen from an anther of a flower to the stigma of same flower or another flower, often results in the formation of fruit-bearing seeds
• Fruit


  Ripened ovary of a flower, result of the flower's reproduction, most fruits are edible
• Seed


  Ripened ovule of a flowering plant, contains embryo which germinates into a new plant, also contains some stored food used during germination, covered by a seed coat for protection
• Plant classifications


  • Herb
  • Shrub
  • Tree
  • Vine
• Herb


  Nonwoody, nonpermanent plant, examples are grass and spices like ginger and onion
• Shrub


  Woody plant that has a number of stems growing directly from the soil, does not grow very tall, examples are gumamela, rose, and rosal flowers
• Tree


  Permanent woody plant that has a self-supporting stem, examples are coconut tree, fruit trees and forest trees
• Vine


  Crawling plant, its body and stems are not hard enough to make it stand, spreads on the ground or clings to some structures for support, examples are bitter gourd, squash and yellow bell