Enzymes

• Enzyme


  Protein that can speed up reactions
• Enzymes


  Resemble Pac-Man
• Enzymes


  • Have an active site where substrates bind
  • Undergo induced fit to bind substrates perfectly
• Enzyme catalysis


  1. Substrate binding

  2. Catalysis

  3. Product release
• Substrate


  Item that binds to the enzyme's active site
• Product


  Result of the enzyme-catalysed reaction
• Enzymes can speed up reactions that could happen spontaneously
• Enzymes in the digestive system

  • Lactase
  • Lipase
  • Amylase
  • Protease
• Cofactors and coenzymes


  Help enzymes do their job of building up or breaking down substrates
• Ideal conditions for enzymes


  Specific pH and temperature ranges
• Denaturation


  Distortion of an enzyme's shape, causing it to no longer function properly
• Enzymes regulate many body processes, and enzyme production or lack thereof can be involved in diseases