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• Fire


  The active principle of burning, characterized by the heat and light of combustion
• Fire tetrahedron


  • Fuel
  • Heat
  • Oxygen
  • Chemical chain reaction
• Common causes of fire


  • Electrical short circuits and connections
  • LPG explosions due to poorly maintained tanks
  • Unattended cooking
  • Lighted cigarette
  • Unattended torch and lighted candles
  • Lighted matched and lighters
• Stages of fire


  1. Ignition

  2. Growth

  3. Fully developed

  4. Decay (Burnout)
• Conduction


  The passage of heat energy through or within a material because of direct contact
• Convection


  The flow of fluid or gas from hot areas to cooler areas
• Radiation


  Heat traveling via electromagnetic waves, without objects or gases carrying it along
• Ways to put out a fire


  • Cool the burning material
  • Exclude oxygen
  • Remove the fuel
  • Break the chemical reaction

  
• Fire classifications based on fuel type


  • Class A (ordinary combustible or light materials)
  • Class B (flammable liquid)
  • Class C (energized electrical equipment)
  • Class D (combustible metals)
  • Class K (cooking fuels and oils)
• Safety measures


  • Smoke alarm
  • Fire extinguisher
  • Emergency exit plan

  
• How to use a fire extinguisher

  1. Pull

  2. Aim

  3. Squeeze

  4. Sweep

  
• Fire hazards to watch out for in the kitchen area

  • Never leave your kitchen while cooking
  • Matches and lighters should be in proper storage and away from children's reach
  • Keep your stove clean and grease-free and check your LPG for leaks with soapy water
  • When frying
• BCD type of fire extinguisher


  Use it in the kitchen or workshop area to kill the fire

  
• Emergency Exit Plan


  1. Be sure that all the people in the house know and understand the exit route and meeting place outside your house

  2. An exit drill can be done to familiarized in case of fire
• HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER?

  
• Fire Hazards: What you should watch out for?

  • Kitchen Area
  • Living Rooms and Bathrooms
  • Storage and Garage Areas
• Kitchen Area


  • Never leave your kitchen while cooking
  • Matches and lighters should be in proper storage and away from children's reach
  • Keep your stove clean and grease-free and check your LPG for leaks with soapy water
  • When frying and your pan bursts into flame, DO NOT douse it with WATER
  • Idle electrical appliances must be unplugged
  • Avoid overloading of outlets and use of worn cords
  • Do not store items above the stove top
  • Keep flammable liquids and other combustible items away from the stove when cooking
  • Ensure that your smoke alarms are working well and replace batteries at least every six months
• Living Rooms and Bathrooms

  • Do not use extension cords as permanent outlets
  • Make sure that extension cords are not looped on sharp objects that could cause it to fray
  • Make sure that curtains are away from electric fan blades
  • Do not leave an electric fan switched on when it is not rotating
  • Clean and oil them regularly
  • Defective appliances must be fixed immediately
  • Take extra care when using a clothes iron or rice cooker
  • Unplug them promptly after use
  • Never smoke in bed
  • Put out candle lights before going to bed
  • Place a lit candle in a holder
  • Keep your place clean at all times
• Storage and Garage Areas


  • Keep areas clean and tidy with items properly placed for storage
  • Do not store large quantities of flammable liquids in the house and basement
  • Oily rags, newspaper, and other trash must be disposed of in a sage of waste bag or container
  • Clean up spilled oil and grease from vehicles promptly
  • Plug your power tools straight to the wall socket
  • Use only heavy-duty extensions when needed
  • Keep your garage well-ventilated to avoid build-up of fumes and heat from tools
• Activity 1 - COMPLETE THE ACRONYM


  1. P

  2. A

  3. S

  4. S
• Republic Act 9514 is known as the Fire Code of the Philippines
• Fire is classified according to its fuel
• Frying oil and LPG are under Class K
• In the stages of fire, fully developed means the fire gets more intense
• There are three elements in the fire triangle
• Electrical short circuits and connections are the most common causes of fire
• In putting out a fire, you should remove one of the fire elements

  
• If you remove any of the fire elements, the fire would be extinguished
• When frying and your pan bursts into flame, DO NOT douse it with water
• In using a fire extinguisher, the nozzle is aimed at the base of the fire

  
• Fire hazards can be prevented by taking precautionary measures
• Familiarizing with an emergency exit plan and conducting fire drills can help in case of a fire

  
• Electrical short circuits and connections are the number one common cause of fire
• ABC Powder fire extinguisher


  Can extinguish fire caused by wood, paper to electrical contact