chap 8

• Psychotic symptoms


  Experiences and beliefs that are out of touch with reality
• Delusions


  The false beliefs about the world with little to no evidence that supports them
• Persecutory delusions


  Delusions where people think that they are being followed to get them
• Referential delusions


  Beliefs that other people's normal behavior is directed at them or meant to demean them
• Grandiose delusions


  Belief that you are this powerful, beautiful, and wealthy creature, thinking that they are the next Messiah, or a person with most importance
• Erotomanic delusions


  Delusion that when somebody believes that other people are hopelessly in love with them and they can not be convinced that other people are not in love with them
• Nihilistic delusions


  Delusions that involve the beliefs that they died or they have been annihilated in some way
• Hallucinations


  Perception-like experiences that occur in the context of clear awareness, even without an external stimulus and not under voluntary control, may involve any sense
• Delusions of thought insertions

  Delusion that one's thought is being controlled by outside forces
• Disorganized thinking


  Schizophrenic people have these loose associations, the thought processes of patients with schizophrenia are hard to follow, they may be stringing words together but they make no sense in any language, they may describe something but it reflects as mumbled words, concepts, and ideas mixed together which are hard to understand
• Self-deceptions


  Delusions: not possible and thought about all the time, Possible to happen: occasional
• Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH)


  Hallucination of perceived voices
• Visual hallucinations (VHs)


  Hallucination of perceived visuals (2nd most type of hallucination)
• Tactile hallucinations


  Perception that something is happening to the outside of the person's body (e.g bugs crawling on skin)
• Somatic hallucinations


  Perception that something is happening inside a person's body (e.g worms in the intestine)
• Formal thought disorder


  Disorganized thoughts and speech is also known as
• Loose associations or derailments


  Tendency to slip from one topic to a seemingly unrelated topic with little coherent transition
• Word salad


  Person's speech is so disorganized as to be totally incoherent to the listener
• Neologisms


  People diagnose with schizophrenic disorders may make up words that means something only to them
• Clangs


  When people with schizophrenic disorders make associations between words based on the sounds rather than the content
• Disorganized or catatonic behavior


  People with Schizophrenia may display unpredictable and apparently untriggered agitation, sudden shouting, swearing, or pacing rapidly
• Catatonia


  Disorganized behavior that reflects noticeable psychomotor dysfunction that may involved decreased or excessive peculiar motor activity
• Negative symptoms


  Symptoms of Schizophrenia that results to the loss of certain qualities of a person
• Positive symptoms


  Symptoms of Schizophrenia that are in addition to the behaviors that are expected
• Restricted affect


  Reduce in affect or absence of emotional expression in people with schizophrenia
• Avolition


  Inability to initiate a common goal-directed activities including those at home, school, or work
• Asociality


  Lack of desire to interact with others
• Differential diagnosis


  A diagnosis of schizophrenia requires the exclusion of other psychological and medical condition that may cause psychosis
• Schizophrenia


  Hallucinations or delusions in the absence of a major mood episode, Delusions show greater disorganization, greater pervasiveness and preoccupation
• Schizophreniform disorder


  Requires the criteria for schizophrenia with a duration of 1-6 months and does not require a decline in functioning
• Brief psychotic disorder


  Lasts more than a day but less than a month
• Delusional disorder


  Characterized by at least one month of delusions but no other psychotic symptoms. Any mood disorder episodes are relatively brief in comparison to the delusional disorder
• Schizoaffective disorder


  Requires a mood episode to occur concurrently with the active phase symptoms of schizophrenia and at least two weeks up hallucinations or delusions prior to or after the mood episode resolves
• Schizotypical personality disorder


  Does not involve active phase psychotic symptoms. The person is detached from social relationships and has a restricted range of emotional expression
• Delusional disorder


  Have delusions lasting at least 1 month regarding situations that occur in real life
• Mondar-mandir


  Wandering without purpose
• Ngamuk


  Being irritable
• Sajithati


  Liver sickness
• Insulin coma therapy


  One of the first treatment for schizophrenia, wherein insulin is administered until the patient went into coma
• Phenothiazines


  Calms agitation, reduces hallucinations and delusions in patients. Blocks receptors for dopamine reducing its action in the brain