Communicable Diseases II

• Medical Asepsis

  Clean Technique - involves procedures and practices that reduce the number and transfer of pathogens (exclude pathogens ONLY)
• Surgical Asepsis

  Sterile Technique - used to render and keep objects and areas sterile (exclude ALL microorganisms)
• Infection Control Precautions

  • Standard Precaution
  • Contact Precaution
  • Droplet Precaution
  • Airborne Precaution
• Universal (Standard) Precaution - primary strategy for reducing the risk of and controlling Nosocomial infections / Used for care of all hospitalized patients, regardless of diagnosis and are presumed infectious / Protect healthcare workers from contamination and infection
• Transmission-Based Precautions - are instituted for patients who are known to be or suspected of being infected with highly transmissible infection
• Isolation - is a protective procedure that limits the spread of infectious diseases among hospitalized clients, hospital personnel, and visitors. / It is the separation from other persons of an individual suffering from a communicable disease.
• Quarantine - is the limitation of freedom of movement of persons or animals which have been exposed to communicable disease / s for a period of time equivalent to the longest incubation period of that disease
• Reverse Isolation - Used for patients with severe burns, leukemia, transplant, immunodeficient persons, receiving radiation treatment, leukopenic patients / Protective or neutropenic isolation
• Secretion - Patient should be instructed to expectorate into tissue held close to mouth. Suction catheters and gloves should be disposed of in impervious, sealed bags
• Excretion - Strict attention should be paid to careful hand washing; disease can be spread by oral- fecal route
• Waste Management - the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials.
• Black plastic bags - are for non-biodegradable and noninfectious
• Green plastic bags - are biodegradable wastes such as leftover food, used cooking oil, fish entrails, scale, fins, fruits, vegetable peelings, rotten fruits, and vegetables
• Yellow plastic bags - are for infectious waste
• Red - contains sharp materials that can cause a cut or puncture wounds.
• Orange - contains radioactive wastes or medical equipment contaminated or exposed in radioactivity