ISOTOPES & IONS

• Atoms with the same number of protons but different neutrons are referred to as

  isotopes.
• there are stable isotopes, which do not emit radiation, and unstable

  isotopes, which emit radiation.
• Most elements have at least two or three

  isotopes.
• mass number (A) = proton number + neutron number.
• neutron number = mass number (A) - proton number
• The process in which an atom loses or gains electrons

  is called ionization.
• A positive ion is called a cation
• a negative ion

  is an anion.
• Electron number = proton number - charge