Artificial Intelligence
Cards (14)
- A branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent human behaviour by a computer. Cognitive functions can be replicated in AI and measured against human benchmarks
- AI is a collection of rules and data, with the ability to reason, learn and adapt to external stimuli
- Narrow AI is a machine that has superior performance to a human in one specific task
- General AI is when a machine is similar, but not superior to humans in a wide range of tasks
- Strong AI is a machine which has superior performance to humans in many tasks
- Reasoning is the ability to draw conclusions based on given data, and deductive reasoning is when a series of facts are built up to create set of rules that can be applied in situations
- Expert Systems are a form of AI designed to mimic human intelligence. They use knowledge and inference to solve problems
- Expert systems consist of a user interface, an explanation system, a rules base, a knowledge base and an inference engine
- A rules base is a set of inference rules which the engine uses to draw conclusions using logic
- A knowledge base is a repository of facts about a given subjects
- The inference engine examines the knowledge base for information matching a query, it then asks questions and applies the rules in the rules base to the information to generate a response
- Advantages of Expert Systems:
- High level of expertise, accuracy and speed
- Stores vast amounts of information
- Unbiased reporting
- Simple to use
- Disadvantages of Expert Systems:
- Users need training to operate them
- Maintenance is time consuming
- Give “cold” responses that can be inappropriate
- Only as good as it’s knowledge base
- Users can sometimes dangerously assume an AI is infallible
- Setting up an expert system:
- Info gathered to populate the knowledge base
- A rules base is created full of inference rules
- Inference engine set up, which is a complex system
- User interface needs developing
- Testing needs to be done before the system is used