History renaissance

• Anatomy


  The study of the structure of the human body
• Astronomy


  The study of celestial objects, including stars, planets and comets
• City-states


  • Most of Italy was divided into city-states
  • Each city-state included a city and the surrounding countryside
  • City-states had their own laws and money
• Dissection

  Cutting up a corpse (dead body) or plant to study its internal structure
• Heliocentric model


  A model of the solar system in which Earth and other planets revolve around the sun at the centre
• Humanism


  • The main philosophy of Renaissance scholars
  • Humanists emphasise the potential of the human mind to make sense of the world
• Ligature

  A thing used to bind or tie something tightly
• Patron of the arts


  A wealthy person who sponsors (pays) artists and writers to create works of art
• Perspective


  A technique used in art to give the illusion of depth and space
• Renaissance


  • A historic period when Europeans revived their interest in the learning of ancient Greece and Rome
  • Scholars, artists and scientists produced great works and inventions
• Scientific Method


  The system of noting observations, doing experiments and drawing conclusions
• Sfumato


  • A painting technique that allows colours to shade gradually into one another
  • It results in softened edges instead of harsh lines
  • The word 'sfumato' means smoky
• Sonnet: a poem of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme
• Vernacular: local dialect
• Reasons why the renaissance happened, and why it happened in Italy:

  • Remains of the Roman empire inspired the Italians.
  • Fall of Constantinople made greek scholars flee to Italy.
  • Italy is in the middle of Mediterranean and trading = money .
  • Competition between other city states to have better art or architecture.
• Wealthy patrons: people who paid money to artists to make art for them e.g Medici family in Florence.
• Art became more realistic and better in the renaissance, people started to question things and science developed.
• Leonardo da Vinci: Italian painter, sculpter, architect, inventor, engineer etc(really smart 🤓)
• Sofonisba Anguissola: most well known female painter of renaissance

  ( Paintings: the chess game)
• Johannes Gutenberg: inventor of printing press.
• Andreas Vesalius: father of modern anatomy, dissected cats and dogs as a teenager.
• Nicolaus Copernicus: father of modern astronomy, made heliocentric model.