B3 Cell division

• Substrate


  Fits into enzyme
• Enzyme catalysis


  1. Substrate binding

  2. Products released
• Temperature


  Effect on enzymes
• As the temperature increases

  The rate of reaction increases
• Optimum temperature


  When the reaction works as fast as possible
• At extremes of temperature


  The enzyme is denatured and stops working
• Denaturation


  The shape of the enzyme's active site is changed by heat or extreme pH, so the substrate no longer fits
• pH


  Effect on enzymes
• Different enzymes have different optimum pH values
• Digestive enzymes


  Convert food into small, soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream
• Digestive enzymes


  • Amylase (starch → glucose)
  • Proteases (proteins → amino acids)
  • Lipases (lipids → fatty acids and glycerol)
• Some of the glucose produced is used in respiration
• Different digestive enzymes are produced in different sites