Civil rights movement

• when was the Montgomery bus boycott?

  1 December 1955 triggered boycotts on December 5.
• How many African Americans took part in the boycott in 1955?

  90% who usually took the bus.
• When was the MIA set up?


  December 5 1955
• How long did the Supreme Court take to legislate Rosa’s fight for desegregation?

  1 year- in 1956
• When was the WPC (women’s political council) set up?

  1946
• Brown v Board of Education


  1954
• The case


  1. In 1952, the NAACP bundled all five school desegregation cases together.

  2. NAACP lawyers argued that separate was not equal in education. They argued that the 14th Amendment was being broken, because segregation made black children feel unequal.

  4. On 17 May 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that schools had to desegregate.
• Significance of Brown Vs Board


  • Immediately, the Brown Vs Board brought to light the struggles of African Americans in the education system, inspiring many others to challenge discriminative behaviour.
• What did brown vs board fail to do?

  723 schools in the south were still segregated in 1957.
• Civil rights movement


  1. Lasted for years

  2. Fueled by Rosa Parks

  3. Resulted in segregated busses and schools being illegal.

  4. MLK told supporters to stay peaceful
• Bull Connor March


  1963 Alabama
• Bull Connor March


  1. King organised a March in Birmingham, Alabama with 30,000 people

  2. Bull Connor attacked them with tear gas, dogs and arrests

  3. Shown on TV

  4. President Kennedy decided to stop the segregated madness there
• I have a dream speech

  1963
• I have a dream speech


  • Largest Civil rights demonstration in American history
  • Speech to over 200,000 people in Washington DC
  • Inspirational masterpiece
  • Influenced more direct actions
• What are sit-ins? 1960


  African American who sat in segregated zones in cafés and refuse to move. 70000 in the south.
• What are freedom rides? 1961


  Protesters sat on white only busses and attracted lots of attention from the north.
• Civil rights act 1957?


  Eisenhower stated it should be safe and allowed for african Americans to vote. Now a federal matter
• Civil rights act 1964?


  After Kennedy‘s assassination Johnson signed it- illegal to discriminate in house/ work areas.
• Black Power Movement 1965


  Black nationalists who rejected the non-violence of the Civil Rights Movement
• Black Power Movement


  • Thought force was justified in order to achieve equality
  • Some even wanted complete separation
• Who was Malcolm X?


  Drawn to The Nation of Islam to achieve land power and freedom for Black communities.