animal cell specialisation

• animal cells are specialised, they have adaptations which help them to carry out their function.
• when cells become specialised its called differentiation.
• sperm cells take the male DNA to the egg, the job of a sperm cell is to join with the egg cell, this process is called fertilisation.
• sperm cell contains their genetic information in the nucleus, sperm cell has a tail to help it swim to the egg.
• sperm cell contains their genetic information in the nucleus
• sperm cell are packed full of mitochondria, these provide energy for swimming.
• sperm cell contains enzymes which allow them to digest their way through the outer layer of the ovum.
• nerve cell: send electrical impulses around the body
• the nerve cell has an axon which carries electrical impulses from one body part to another.
• the axon is covered with myelin, myelin insulates the axon and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses.
• the end of the axon has synapses, synapses are junctions which allow thr impulse to pass from one nerve cell to another.
• dendrites increase the surface area so that the other nerve cells can connect more easily.
• muscle cells can contract (get shorter)

  muscle cells contain protein fibres which can change the length
• when a muscle cell contracts, these protein fibres shorten, decreasing the length of the cell.

  muscle cells are also packed full of mitochondria to provide energy for muscle contraction


  muscle cells work together to form muscle tissue.