cell. bio

• Actin filaments are often associated with


  a. Microvilli

  b. Stress fibers

  c. Filipodia

  d. Contractile ring
• Normal cells differ from cancer cells in a myriad of ways. Which of the following is true of cancer cells but not of normal cells?


  They can grow into clones of cells when suspended in semi-solid medium
• Which of the following is an example of how stem cells can be/are being used in the laboratory or clinic?


  1. As a possible treatment for COVID 19 due to their potential immunomodulatory properties
  2. Tissue engineering
  3. Test new drugs to treat diseases
  4. As a source to repair or replace diseased cells
• Which of the following is typical of normal cells in contrast to cancer cells?

  Typically form a single monolayer in culture
• MCM helicase plays a critical role in cell division. In which cell cycle does this enzyme become fully activated?


  S phase
• You are studying the derivation and activity of Paneth cells in vivo and in vitro. On which type of tissue or cells are you most probably focused?


  Intestinal Epithelium
• Which of the following about keratin filaments is false?

  They use molecular motors to move vesicles and organelles in cells
• Gardasil


  Is a vaccine designed to prevent select types of human papilloma viruses fromcausing cancer
• Maturation Promoting Factor was first discovered using the eggs from which animal?

  African Clawed Toads
• The inner cell mass of which of the following is used to generate hESCs and mouse ESCs?

  Blastocyst
• The chimera test as described in class is the only real way to determine if a stem cell is

  totipotent
• Lamins comprise a subtype of keratin filaments. Where are lamins found?


  immediately inside the inner nuclear envelope
• which type of stem cell is most commonly used in clinical trials?

  adipose-derived adult mesenchymal stem cells
• listeria monocytogenes


  
  

  1. Is a bacterium
  2. Can cause serious food poisoning
  3. Can pass from the mother through the placenta to the fetus
  4. Can trigger the assembly F-actin filaments from G-actin filaments
• You are repeating some classic experiments using the myosin S1 head to see if it binds to select cytoskeletal structures. If the experiment works perfectly, to which structures should the myosin S1 bind?

  F-actin filaments
• what is false concerning MPF?


  MPF is found in eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells and retroviruses
• Direct reprogramming is the ability to convert one type of differentiated cell to another type of differentiated cell. This is also called which of the following?

  transdifferentiation
• Who was the first to clone an animal (tadpole) using nuclei from an adult frog intestinal epithelial cells?


  John Gurdon
• what is true about SCNT?


  Showed that cytoplasmic factors in eggs could induce the embryonic state of a microinjected somatic nucleus
• what is not a safety issue of problem relevant to stem cell therapy?


  We are currently unable to harvest adipose-derived adult mesenchymal stem cells without losing most of their stemness
• Li-Fraumeni Syndrome 


  a. Is a genetic disease

  b. Is due to defective p53

  c. Results in people who are at a 25-fold higher risk of cancer than the general

  population

  d. Often means that people who have this syndrome are more resistant to

  chemotherapy and radiation treatments than people without this syndrome
• Which of the following drugs would be useful for inhibiting polymerization of G-actin to F-actin in living cells?

  cytochalasin D
• what stem cell therapy is not FDA approved in the United States?

  iPSC stem cell therapy
• You are studying the movement of vesicles down a neuronal axon and want to determine if this movement is mediated by microtubules. Which drug below would be best to use in this research project?

  colchicine
• Lin-4 RNA


  is one of the first miRNAs discovered
• Where would you typically not find microtubules in cells?

  In the lamellipodium of cells that are critical to cell movement
• Which stem cell type is characterized by the requirement of using four reprogramming factors to encourage a somatic cell to become more embryonic like?

  iPSCs
• 5-Fluorouracil


  targets cancer cells by having its greatest effect on cells in the S phase
• what is not considered a member of the intermediate filament family?

  myosin
• what anti-cancer compounds is designed to block the invasion of blood vessels to a tumor?


  avastin
• Tau


  a microtubule associated protein whose dysfunction plays a critical role in select neurological diseases
• The erbB oncoprotein is a cell receptor that is a deviant form of what type of normal receptor?


  Receptor tyrosine kinase
• what is one of the major disadvantages of using cord blood for blood replacement/stem cell therapy compared to using hematopoietic stem cells harvested from bone marrow?


  The volume of cord blood that can be collected is smaller than bone marrow
• an experiment examining "treadmilling". Which relates to this activity?


  Understanding the addition and loss of G-actin or tubulin dimers to F-actin and microtubules, respectively
• epidermolysis bullosa


  a. Is a genetic disease

  b. Is due to defective keratin filaments

  c. Is commonly manifested by skin that sloughs off

  d. Is a disease that can be created in a transgenic mouse and was once used by the US Army to develop and test topical skin protectants that might protect the troops from the blistering/vesicating effects of mustard gas
• The terms Cc+ and Cc- are commonly used to describe phenomena in which of the following broad areas?

  cytoskeleton assembly
• STAP cells were reported to be a new experimentally-derived stem cell type that can be generated through the treatment of somatic cells with which of the following?


  Decreasing the pH of the medium through the addition of acid
• You are working in a laboratory that requires the use of synchronized cells. What type of manipulations below would not work to synchronize cells?

  Blocking the disassembly of keratin filaments
• Stem cells that have identical alleles for all genes is characteristic of which type of stem cell?

  hPSCs
• UV light can cause cancer primarily through which of the following mechanisms?

  causing the formation of thymine-thymine disease