FINALS L2

• Charles Darwin


  1809 to 1882
• Charles Darwin


  • Born Charles Robert Darwin on February 12, 1809 in England
  • Showed an interest in the natural world from a young age
• The HMS Beagle


  A ship that had three major voyages around the world, which Charles Darwin joined the second voyage
• The Journey of the Beagle


  1. The Beagle had three major voyages around the world

  2. Charles Darwin joined the second voyage
• Darwin's Observations


  • Resemblance
  • Fossils
  • Finches
  • Distribution
• Resemblance


  • Darwin noticed similarities between extinct and extant organisms
• Fossils


  • Darwin made observations regarding the resemblance of species in South America
• Distribution


  • Darwin made observations regarding the distribution of organisms, including the location of the Galapagos islands relative to mainland South America
• Galápagos Finches


  • Darwin's most famous observations in the Galapagos were related to the Galapagos finches, where he noticed great variation
  • Darwin concluded that the shape and size of the beaks of the Galapagos finches were closely related to the type of food that the finches consume
  • Adaptive radiation as seen in the finches of the Galapagos
• On the Origin of Species


  Darwin's book that published his ideas, which remains famous and relevant until today
• Parts of Darwin's Theory


  • Gradualism
  • Common Descent
  • Natural Selection
  • Speciation
• Gradualism


  The change that happens to species does so over very long periods of time
• Common Descent


  All species have common ancestry
• Natural Selection


  Organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
• Speciation


  Speciation refers to the process by which organisms change and evolve to form a distinct new species
• How was Darwin's theory different?

  • Offered physical and scientific explanations
  • Described the steps of evolution
  • Described that evolution occurred in groups
  • Recognized the role of environmental influences
• Not all of the ideas that Darwin put forth in his book are still correct in modern evolutionary standards
• The major points of Darwin's book paved the way for the development of modern evolutionary theory
• Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who extensively studied evolution
• Darwin and his publication, On the Origin of Species, influenced much of our understanding of evolution today
• Darwin joined the second voyage of HMS Beagle and traveled the world as part of its crew. His observations about the natural world while traveling fueled many of his ideas about biological evolution
• Darwin's main observations

  • Resemblances between organisms
  • Possible relationships between fossilized and extant organisms
  • Distribution of organisms
• Main points of Darwin's theory of evolution

  • Gradualism
  • Speciation
  • Natural Selection
  • Common Descent