Bioenergetics

• What is produced during fermentation?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What does limewater test for?

  carbon dioxide- it turns cloudy when carbon dioxide is bubbled through it
• What sugar is used in fermentation?

  glucose
• When do plants respire?

  all the time
• In which part of a cell does the most aerobic respiration take place?

  mitochondria
• What do animal cells produce in aerobic respiration?

  lactic acid
• What is the chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

  Glucose-> carbon dioxide + ethanol
• What are the reactants in the equation for respiration?

  glucose and oxygen
• In aerobic respiration, glucose and oxygen are used up and what is produced?

  Carbon dioxide, water and energy
• What is produced as a waste product of aerobic respiration?

  Carbon dioxide
• What is the name of respiration what occurs in the absence of oxygen?

  anaerobic respiration
• Name a type of food produced using yeast

  bread
• A - Ethanol + C

  What is A & C

  A- glucose

  C- carbon dioxide
• What is produced from photosynthesis?

  glucose and oxygen
• Give the word equation for photosynthesis

  Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
• Give the symbol equation for photosynthesis

  6CO2 + 6H2O --light--> C6H12O6 + 6O2
• Where does photosynthesis take place?

  Chloroplasts
• Where is energy transferred to chloroplasts from for photosynthesis?

  the environment by light
• What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

  endothermic
• In what ways do plants use glucose?

  •For respiration

  •Making cellulose

  •Making amino acids

  •Storing as oils or fats

  •Storing as starch
• Why is glucose used by plants to make cellulose?

  Glucose is converted into cellulose for making strong plant cell walls
• Why is glucose used by plants for respiration?

  This transfers energy from glucose which enables the plants to convert the rest of the glucose into various other useful substances
• Why is glucose used by plants for making amino acids?

  Glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids which are then made into proteins
• What is the rate of photosynthesis affected by?

  Light, CO2, temperature
• What are light, CO2 and temperature known as?

  limiting factors
• What is the limiting factor at night?

  light
• What is the limiting factor in winter?

  temperature
• What is the limiting factor if it is bright and warm enough?

  CO2
• What do plants use for their source of energy?

  light
• What reaction do plants use to trap light energy?

  photosynthesis
• Which part of the plant does photosynthesis take pla

  leaves
• What happens in the first stage of photosynthesis?

  the plant takes carbon dioxide and water into the leaf
• What happens in the second stage of photosynthesis?

  light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll
• What happens in the third stage of photosynthesis?

  The light energy is used to convert the carbon dioxide and water into sugar glucose
• What is also produced from photosynthesis?

  oxygen
• When light intensity is zero...

  the rate of photosynthesis is zero
• As you increase light intensity...

  the rate of photosynthesis increases
• Why does the rate of photosynthesis increase as light intensity increases?

  because the plant has more light energy to carry out the photosynthesis so the reaction gets faster
• What can we identify if we increase light intensity and the rate of photosynthesis also increases?

  light intensity was limiting (photosynthesis was not as fast as it could have been because there wasn't enough light)
• What can light intensity be classed as at this point?

  a limiting factor