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• Drug


  Any chemical substance that an individual can take which affects the body would work
• Drugs are usually developed for medical uses but can be dangerous when misused
• Doping


  When an athlete uses drugs or treatments to improve their athletic performance
• Doping is banned because it gives the users an "unfair" advantage over other athletes who don't engage in doping
• Doping has been around since Ancient Greece and Rome
• Reasons why athletes engage in doping

  • To gain a physical advantage
  • To gain or lose weight
  • To stop the pain
  • To reduce anxiety
  • To increase concentration or aggression
  • To train harder
  • To recover faster
  • Pressure from fans, family, and the media
  • To gain financial rewards
  • They might do it because they think everyone else is
• Banned substances


  Substances which have been identified and banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) usually under all conditions, across all sports
• Categories of banned substances


  • Social Drugs
  • Performance Enhancing Drugs
• Social Drugs


  Substances used during social settings such as parties, bars, or clubs. Some are legal and easy to access, others are illegal but still accessible
• Social Drugs


  • Alcohol
  • Caffeine
  • Nicotine
  • Cocaine
  • Cannabis
• Performance Enhancing Drugs


  Substances taken by an athlete to improve athletic performance which would increase their chances of winning
• Types of Performance Enhancing Drugs


  • Stimulants
  • Narcotic Analgesics
  • Anabolic Steroids
  • Diuretics
  • Beta Blockers and Tranquilizers
  • Peptides Hormones, Mimetics and Analogues
  • Blood Doping
• Stimulants


  Substances that stimulate an athlete's circulatory and nervous system, which speeds up reactions and make them feel confident and alert, enabling them to work harder without feeling pain or fatigue
• Narcotic Analgesics


  Painkillers that athletes can use to compete or train if they are injured
• Anabolic Steroids


  Hormones which help with the repair of bone and muscle. They are naturally occurring in the body but are made artificially. Athletes use these to increase muscle size and strength and to help with recovery
• Diuretics


  Substances used to increase the amount of water excreted in the user's urine. Athletes use them to lose weight quickly and as a masking agent helping them to flush banned substances from their system
• Beta Blockers and Tranquilizers


  Substances used to reduce anxiety, help athletes to relax and cope with the stress of competition by lowering their heart rate and breathing
• Peptides Hormones, Mimetics and Analogues


  Natural or artificial hormones that are used to increase muscle strength and size, repair damaged body tissue and improve how well the blood carries oxygen by increasing red blood cell count
• Blood Doping


  A banned procedure where an athlete removes their blood, stores it, then reinjects it which increases their red blood cell count and improves how well the blood carries oxygen
• Side Effects of Doping


  • Impotence
  • Increased aggression
  • Development of breasts in males
  • Injuries that can become worse and even permanent
  • Addiction
  • Increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular issues
  • Death
• There are some serious side effects of doping
• First Olympic Games held in Greece


  776 BC
• The ancient Greeks originally used the Olympic Games as a way of saluting the gods
• Modern Olympics kicked off in Athens, Greece


  1896
• Only men competed in the 1896 Olympics, 245 men from 14 nations participated in 9 different sports
• First time women participated in the Olympics, located in Paris, France


  1900
• Over quadruple the number of athletes competed in the 1900 Olympics compared to the 1896 Olympics
• First Olympics that medals were handed out instead of an olive leaf


  1904
• Only half the amount of competitors showed up at the 1904 Olympics compared to the last, with 525 athletes being from the US
• Olympics scheduled to be in Rome but had to be moved to London due to a volcanic eruption


  1908
• A record 2,000 athletes showed at the 1908 Olympics
• Olympics cancelled due to World War One


  1916
• Olympics where the Olympic oath was invented along with the Olympic flag


  1920
• The Olympic flag has at least one color from every country's flag
• Oscar Swahn from Sweden became the oldest Olympic medalist, winning silver in the running deer team shooting event
• Important moments in the Olympics


  1924, 1928, 1932
• Winter Olympics were included in the 1924 games, held at separate venues in the same year as the summer games
• Women competed in track and field for the first time ever in the 1928 Olympics
• Photo finish technology was installed for the first time in the 1932 Olympics
• Berlin chosen as the host city, first Olympics to be televised


  1936