Female Genitalia

• Mons pubis - the fat pad located over the symphysis pubis
• Labia majora - are two folds of skin that extend posteriorly and inferiorly from the mons pubis to the peritoneum. The skin folds are composed of adipose tissue, sebaceous glands and sweat glands
• Labia minora - thinner skin folds that join anteriorly to the clitoris and form a prepuce or a hood
• Clitoris - located at the anterior end of the labia minora. It is a small cylindrical mass of erectile tissue and nerves with three parts; the glans, corpus, and crura
• Glans - visible rounded portion of the clitoris
• crura - two bands of fibrous tissue that attach the clitoris to the pelvic bone
• vestibule - skin folds of the labia majora and labia minora that form a boat-shaped area or (fossa)
• Urethral meatus - located between clitoris and vaginal orifice
• Skene of glands - secrete mucus that lubricates and maintains a moist vaginal environment. Often referred to as lesser vestibular glands
• Vaginal orifice - external opening of the vagina and has a slitlike or irregular circular structure
• Hymen - a fold of a membranous tissue that covers the part of the vagina where the penis enters
• Bartholin glands - on either side of and slightly posterior to the vaginal orifice (between the vaginal orifice and the labia minora)
• Bartholin glands - these glands secretes mucus that lubricates the opening of the urethra during sexual intercourse. Often referred to greater vestibular glands.
• Vagina - a muscular, tubular organ, extends up and slightly back toward the rectum from the vaginal orifice (external opening) to the cervix
• Vagina - lies between the rectum posteriorly and the urethra and bladder anteriorly and is approximately 10 cm long
• Vagina - allows the passage of menstrual flow, receives the penis during sexual intercourse, and serves as the lower portion of the birth canal during delivery
• Vaginal wall comprises of four layers: outer layer - Pink Squamous Epithelium and Connective Tissue. Second layer - Submucosal Layer. Third layer - Smooth Muscle. Fourth layer - Connective Tissue and Vascular Network.
• Vaginal Environment is maintained due to vaginal flora composed of Doderlein bacili
• Cervix - also known as the neck of the uterus which separates the upper end of vagina from the isthmus of the uterus.
• The junction of the cervix and vagina forms the external os or ectocervix
• Ovaries - pair of small, oval shaped organs, each of which is situated on the lateral aspect of the pelvic cavity
• Fallopian tube - Captures the ovum. Allow transport of the fertilized ovum to the uterus.
• Uterus – implantation site for the fertilized ovum. Layers: Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium.
• Cervical eversion - a normal finding in many women and usually occurs after a vaginal birth or when the women takes oral contraceptives
• Nabothian (retention) cysts - normal findings after childbirth, yellow translucent nodules on the cervical surface. May occur when the everted columnar epithelium spontaneously transforms into squamous epithelium.