Camping

• Camping


  first thing that might come to your mind will be sleeping

  in tents and campfires.
• Front country camping


  sometimes also called “car camping” is camping on planned campgrounds where it is close to a vehicle,

  with certain amenities (such as bathrooms and stores) and emergency aid.
• Backcountry camping


  the opposite where no amenities are readily available and motorized vehicles cannot reach the camping site. It will require some physical exertion such as hiking or canoeing to travel to the location or to move from one place to place.
• Thomas Hiram Holding


  considered as the father of modern camping
• Thomas Hiram Holding


  He was a British travelling tailor whose passion for camping was developed as a child. Together with his parents, they used to cross United States in a wagon train heading for Oregon Territory. So at avery young age, he learned the ways of camping.
• Thomas Hiram Holding


  He wrote the first Campers Handbook in 1908.
• Thomas Hiram Holding


  He then wrote a book about his bicycle camping experiences
• Thomas Hiram Holding


  This led to him founding the Association of Cycle Campers 1901.
• In 1932


  The first International Camping was organized and the Federation Internationale de Camping et de Caravanning (FICC) was found.
• Hypothermia


  is a condition where the body temperature is below 35 °C
• hyperthermia


  is when the body temperature is above 37.5 °C.
• Layer 1: Base Layer or Skin Layer


  This is the clothing next to the skin.
• Layer 2: Insulating Layer


  The insulating layer (fleece layer), worn over the base layer, helps you retain heat by trapping air close to your body.
• Layer 3: Wind and/or Rain-Barrier Layer


  sometimes called shell, is your protection from wind, rain, or snow. It is the most important layer during bad weather.
• Sleeping Bag and Pad

  provides warmth and comfort for a good rest at night.
• Tents


  gives protection from the rain, wind, and bugs. It also adds warmth, comfort, and a sense of security.
• Cooking and Eating Utensils

  small lightweight backpack stove is more efficient than open fire because temperature can be controlled.
• Filtering

  • Good job in filtering

  
  

  • Longer time

  
  

  • Filters are used up quickly
• Bleach Solution


  • Easy to carry

  • Treatment takes only 30

  min

  • May taste unpleasant to

  some
• Aquamira


  • Easy to carry

  • Treatment takes only 35

  min Slightly changes taste

  • Has to mix two solutions

  together and waits for 5

  mins.

  • before treating water
• Boiling


  • Kills all harmful organisms

  • Takes time from boiling to

  cooling down

  • Depending on altitude,

  must

  • boil for 5-15 min.
• Washing dishes


  use soaps that will not harm the environment. All scrap foods must be place in animal

  proof trashcan.
• Campfires


  should be built only in fire rings. Always evaluate the site before starting a fire.
• slate, or schist stones,

  because these rocks break and sometimes explode when they very hot.
• A wood fire needs three different kinds of fire materials: tinder, kindling, and fuel.
• Tinder


  small, no thicker than matchsticks. It burns as soon as it is lighted with a match. Small twigs, wood shavings, or dried weeds
• Kindling


  dry wood, either thin as a pencil or as a thick as your thumb.
• Fuel


  is the largest wood that keeps your fire going. might be charcoal or dry, seasoned wood.
• Sanitation of Campsite


  It should already be installed in everyone the basic principles to live by when going to the outdoors. One of which is, not to leave anything behind.
• A cat hole


  must be dug to serve as toilet. With the trowel, a hole of 6-8 inches deep and 6 inches wide must be dug, 200 feet away from water source, trail, or campsite. When one is finished using it, cover it with 2-4 inches of top spoil before covering the area with some leaves.
• The Leave No Trace 7 Principles:

  Principle 1: Plan Ahead and Prepare

  Principle 2: Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces

  Principle 3: Dispose Waste Properly

  Principle 4: Leave What You Find

  Principle 5: Minimize Campfire Impacts

  Principle 6: Respect Wildlife

  Principle 7: Be considerate of Other Visitors
• Circadian rhythm


  This is a biological clock that controls one’s sleep cycles and tell when to go to sleep and when to wake up.
• HOW DO WE STAY SAFE WHILE CAMPING?


  C-Check all equipment. Check weather conditions. Check and study locations and map.

  A-Awareness of surroundings.

  M-Map out emergency plans.

  P-Protect self from sun, coldness, dehydration, and insects.

  I-Include fire safety practices in orientations.

  N-Never walk alone, never approach wild animals, and never feed the animals in the mountains.

  G-Go back and review and follow the Leave No Trace Seven Principles.