gensoc

• intersectionality theory


  gender, color, class, and ethnicity, among other biological, social, and cultural characteristics, interact and contribute to systematic societal inequity
• Kimberle Crenshaw


  highlighted the feminist sociological theory
• intersectionality


  women's oppression and marginalization are influenced not just by their gender, but also by other characteristics including race and class
• intersectionality


  refers to the overlap, or intersection, of various identity factors such as race, ethnicity, social class, nationality, gender, sexuality, and ability
• intersectionality critiques the one dimensionality of:

  • Marxism - critical race studies - feminism
• marxism


  main focus was historically on class issue
• critical race studies


  main focus was on racial issues
• feminism


  main focus was on gender
• intersectional activism

  Madam CJ Walker, Charlotte Edith Anderson Monture, Helen Keller, Mel Baggs, Rosa Parks
• key issues and challenges of indigenous people in the philippines

  geographically remote location, displacement, under represented, lack of livelihood opportunities, and land struggles
• toxic masculinity


  refers to the notion that some people's idea of "manliness" perpetuates domination, homophobia, and aggresssion.
• toxic masculinity


  this idea that men need to act tough and avoid showing all emotions can be harmful to their mental health and can have serious consequences for society
• three core components of toxic masculinity

  toughness, antifeminity, power
• toughness


  this is the notion that men should be physically strong, emotionally callous, and behaviorally aggressive
• antifeminity


  this involves the idea that men should reject anything that is considered to be feminine, such as showing emotion or accepting help
• power


  this is the assumption that men must work towards obtaining power and status (social and financial) so they can gain the respect of others
• 2030 agenda for sustainable development


  the historic agenda lays out 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) and target for dignity, peace, and prosperity for the planet and humankind, to be completed by the year 2030.
• Convention on the Elimination of All Form of discrimination against women (CEDAW)


  it declared the rights of women to live in a society free from discrimination and violence, ensure equal rights and opportunities, and provide guiding principles to the individual state in legislating national laws in safeguarding and building a community free from violence and discrimination where women receives equal treatment.
• CEDAW


  "any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil, or any other field"
• the beijing declaration and platform for action or BPfA


  a landmark document for advancing the rights of women and gender equality worlwide agreed during the 4th world clonference on women in 1995.
• the magna carta of women (republic act no. 9710)


  defines gender and development program (GAD) as the development perspective and process that is participatory and empowering, equitable, sustainable, free from violence, respectful of human rights, supportive of self-determination and actualization of human potentials.
• the magna carta of women (republic act no. 9710)


  it seeks to achieve gender equality as a fundamental value that should be reflected in development choices and contends that women are active agents of development, not just passive recipients of development
• Executive order 273, issued on September 9, 1995, and signed by President Fidel v. Ramos, adopted the Philippines Plan for Gender-Responsive Development .
• the Philippine Plan for Gender-Responsive Development (PPGD), 1995-2025, is a 30-year perspective plan that outlines the policies, strategies, programs, and projects that the government must adopt to enable women to participate in and benefit from national development
• EO 273


  directs all government agencies, departments, bureaus, offices, and instrumentalities, including government-owned and controlled corporations, at the national level, sub-national and local levels
• Gender and Development (GAD) Section 27:


  “All concerned government entities shall submit their GAD plan to the National Commission on Women for review. They shall likewise submit annual reports to Congress, the Department of Budget and Management (DBM), National Commission on Women (NCW), indicating the accomplishments and amounts utilized to implement programs/projects/activities addressing gender issues and women empowerment. The evaluation of agencies’ utilization of the GAD budget shall be performance-based.”
• Republic Act No. 9710 – An Act Providing for the Magna Carta of Women Section 36: 


  “All government departments, including their attached agencies, offices, bureaus, state universities and colleges, government-owned and controlled corporations, local government units and all other government instrumentalities shall adopt gender mainstreaming as a strategy to promote women’s human rights and eliminate gender discrimination in their systems, structures, policies, programs, processes, and procedures.
• Section 36-B: Creation and/or Strengthening of the GAD Focal Points (GFP)


  “All concerned government agencies and instrumentalities mentioned above shall establish or strengthen their GAD Focal Point System (GFPS) or a similar GAD mechanism to catalyze and accelerate gender mainstreaming within the agency.”
• The Philippine Constitution


  In the Philippines, it is the highest among all other law in which all law must follow.
• Art. II, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution


  “The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.”
• Art. XIII, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution


  “The State shall protect working women by providing safe and healthful working conditions, taking into account their maternal functions, and such facilities and opportunities that will enhance their welfare and enable them to realize their full potential in the service of the nation.”
• Art. XIII, Sec. 11, 1987 Constitution


  “The State shall adopt an integrated and comprehensive approach to health development which shall endeavor to make essential goods, health and other social services available to all the people at affordable cost. There shall be priority for the needs of the under-privileged, sick, elderly, disabled, women, and children. The State shall endeavor to provide free medical care to paupers.”
• The provisions on women in the Constitution are not self-executory. Meaning it requires a separate legislation from Congress setting a specific guidelines and detailed mechanism on the application and implementation of such constitutional provisions.
• (Art. 3 Section 1), equal protection of the law (Art. 3 Section 1, Values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights (Art. 2 Section 11) & ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men (Art. 2 Section 11) and it does not explicitly mentioned about LGBTQ+.
• Commonwealth Act 647 which provides married women in the government services a maternity leave.
• Commonwealth Act 627 which grant the offspring of Filipino women a Filipino citizenship, provided, with an oath of allegiance to the Philippines.
• Executive Order No. 340 which provides day care service to the children ages 5 and below of the government employees with difficulties in having a competent household help.
• Executive Order No. 208 amended by Executive Order No. 268 which strengthened and reconstituted the National Commission on the Role of the Filipino Women to be the primary policy making and coordinating body of all women development programs and institutions
• Executive Order No. 368 which include National Council on the Role of Filipino Women in the membership of the Social Reform Council whose function is to monitor the implementation of Philippines on the plight of the women agreed in the Beijing Platform of Action.
• Executive Order No. 51 which is known as National Code of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutes, Breast milk Supplement and Other Related Products whose purposes is to safeguard and endorsed the use of breast feeding and guaranteeing the appropriate use of essential breast milk substitute and supplements by proving scientific information easily understandable to pregnant women and mothers for the purposes of providing necessary, substantial, risk-free nutrition to the babies.