SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS
Cards (69)
- part of the earth's surface, physically, chemically, and biologically distinct from adjacent terrain
- could be a site of erosion, non-deposition, or deposition
- can be defined by existing flora and fauna, geology, geomorphology, climate, weather, temperature, and if sub-aqueous, depth salinity, and current system of water
- different and overlapping rock types and structures
- mass of sedimentary rock which can be defined and distinguished from another by its geometry, lithology, sedimentary structure, paleocurrent patterns, and fossils
- how can you identify a sedimentary environment?
- what are the classification of sedimentary environment?
- terrestrial
- transitional
- marine
- fan-view shape; found in tectonically-active region that is formed by mudflow and debris flow
- freshly-eroded sediments
- poorly-sorted coarse sediments due to proximity from its source; coarser sediments are found in the apex and fining towards the toe
- elongated bodies of water that flow through channels; most active transported of sediments
- dependent on energy and velocity (hjulstrom diagram)
- consist of a single channel and a thalweg (deepest point in a channel)
- consist of multiple bars and thalwegs within a single low sinuosity channel; poorly-sorted, coarse-sediments
- multiple, interconnected, coexisting channel belts on alluvial plains; laterally stable
- may consist of individual channels that may be braided, meandering, or straight
- more of a hypothetical end member of river channels and not often found in nature; low sinuosity index
- may be produced by tectonic controls
- drainage patters; catchment basin; watershed
- area where surface water from rain / snow / ice converges to a single point at a lower elevation
- ephemeral; land-locked body of standing water usually formed as a result of water filling depressions
- may be freshwater or saltwater; good paleoclimate indicator
- special stratification
- alternating light and dark layers of sediments
- constant flooding of water, organic material, and fine sediments
- wet climates near the equator and temperate higher latitudes; high organic content
- ability of the wind to shape the surface of the earth by erosion, transportation, and deposition
- removal of loose particle by the wind
- cannonading of rock and other surfaces by particles carried by the wind
- generally formed in areas with little to no rain (<250mm/year)
- ventifacts; lag deposits
- desert pavement; loess; sand dunes
- snow falls greater than which melts during summer