Trends

• Technology


  A manner of accomplishing a task especially using technical process, methods, or knowledge
• Information and Communication Technology (ICT)


  The tools and the processes to access, retrieve, store, organized, manipulate, produce, present, and exchange information by electronic and other automated means
• Communication


  A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior
• Information


  Knowledge obtained from investigation, study, or instruction
• The history of ICT


  1. Abacus invented around 3000 B.C.

  2. Charles Babbage created initial designs of computer in 1833

  3. First electronic calculator assembled by Konrad Zuse in 1931

  4. First microprocessor introduced by INTEL in 1971

  5. First versions of modern computers manufactured by IBM in 1981

  6. World Wide Web created by Tim Lee in 1991
• Data capture


  • Data capturing, storage and transmission is important function of ICT
  • Data is captured by keyboard, bar codes, video camera, mouse etc.
• Data storage


  • Depends on disk space availability and flexibility of ICT in making data available for use
• Data transmission


  • Data can be transmitted from one place to another or from one computer to another using devices like modem, cables
• Data processing


  1. Conversion of data into meaningful information

  2. Sequence of operations that translates inputs like maps, images, tabular data into dimensional models or visual forms
• Data manipulation


  • Process of summarizing, re-arranging, improving or scientific designs achieved either physically or by processor software
• Data retrieval


  • Process of discovering required information, either in the form of features or characteristics, in a computer-generated form
• Data display


  • Presenting information in the form of text, graphics, audio, and video through computer screen, speakers and printers
• Two converging technologies of ICT


  • Computer technology
  • Communication technology
• 1. Agriculture


  An emerging field focusing on the enhancement of agricultural and rural development through improved information and communication processes
• Teaching learning process with ICT

  • Made more interactive and hence resulting in more efficient
  • Presentations, designing and simulation can teach and learn tough topics in easier way
• ICT in Society


  People spending considerable time on social networks on the virtual world through e-mail, mobile, blogs, downloading etc.
• ICT in Balanced Regional Growth

  ICT sector can give employment and generate revenue for smaller cities by spreading its business operations to those cities
• ICT in Corporate Governance

  Global exposure has created good corporate governance practices with the IT companies
• ICT in Healthcare


  • Tele-medicine consultation in rural areas
  • Consultation from expert doctors through teleconferencing or video conferencing
  • Reports can be send to the doctor through e-mail
• ICT in Banking and Insurance


  Banks and insurance agents have diversified into Mutual funds, retail banking, and merchant banking and so on
• ICT in Business Communication


  Invention of computers, the electronics and the miniaturization of development of wireless communication have all altered the business world