Psychoanalysis

• Psychoanalysis


  Focuses on the unconscious mind, which contains our repressed ideas, emotions, and memories
• Unconscious thoughts


  Ideas, desires, and emotions we may not be aware of
• Conscious thoughts


  Ideas, desires, and emotions we are aware of
• Unconscious motivation


  The influence of unconscious thoughts on conscious thoughts and behavior
• Techniques in psychoanalysis


  • free association
  • dream interpretation
  • analysis of Freudian slips
• Sigmund Freud


  • He is known for his psychoanalytic theory
  • He analyzed mental disorders and proposed methods of treatment
  • In his practice, he let patients talk freely about their experiences and dreams
  • His work has contributed to psychology as well as other fields
• According to Plotnik and Kouyoumdjian, this theory says that there is a conflict in the mind
• Iceberg metaphor


  Shows the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of our mind
• Conscious mind


  Exposed above the iceberg
• Preconscious mind


  Submerged yet somewhat visible, contains anything that an individual could readily pull into his or her conscious awareness
• Unconscious mind


  Submerged deep in the waters
• Theory of personality


  • The conflict in our minds is caused by a clash among the id, ego, and superego
• Id


  Contains our biological drives, operates on the pleasure principle
• Ego


  Emphasizes logic and rationality, balances instinctual urges and moral rules, operates on the reality principle
• Superego


  Represents our moral codes or conscience, rewards us for doing what is morally right or punishes us with guilt
• Anxiety


  What a person feels when the id and superego clash
• Defense mechanisms


  Processes that the individual uses to protect himself or herself from anxiety
• A balance is needed between the id, ego, and superego