Identification of Ions

Cards (19)

  • Aqueous cations

    • Aluminium
    • Ammonium
    • Calcium
    • Chromium(III)
    • Copper(II)
    • Iron(II)
    • Iron(III)
    • Zinc
  • Identifying aqueous cations
    1. Add few drops NaOH
    2. Add excess NaOH
  • Aqueous cations

    • Aluminium: White precipitate forms, precipitate re-dissolves
    • Ammonium: Ammonia gas given off, no change
    • Calcium: White precipitate forms, no change
    • Chromium(III): Grey-green precipitate forms, dark green solution forms
    • Copper(II): Blue precipitate forms, no change
    • Iron(II): Green precipitate forms, no change
    • Iron(III): Orange-brown precipitate forms, no change
    • Zinc: White precipitate forms, precipitate re-dissolves
  • Identifying aqueous cations with ammonia
    1. Add few drops ammonia
    2. Add excess ammonia
  • Aqueous cations with ammonia

    • Aluminium: White precipitate forms, no change
    • Calcium: No precipitate formed, no precipitate formed
    • Zinc: White precipitate forms, precipitate re-dissolves
  • Flame test
    Used to identify lithium, sodium, potassium and copper(II) cations
  • Anions
    • Carbonate
    • Chloride
    • Bromide
    • Iodide
    • Nitrate
    • Sulfate
    • Sulfite
  • Identifying carbonates

    1. React with dilute acid to create carbon dioxide
    2. Bubble CO2 through limewater, turns cloudy
  • Identifying halides

    1. Add dilute nitric acid, then silver nitrate solution
    2. Chloride: White precipitate
    3. Bromide: Cream precipitate
    4. Iodide: Yellow precipitate
  • Identifying nitrates

    1. React copper/aluminium/zinc alloy with nitrate in sodium hydroxide, then add aluminium, ammonia is released
    2. Turns damp red litmus paper blue
  • Identifying sulfates

    1. Add dilute hydrochloric acid, then barium chloride solution
    2. White precipitate forms
  • Identifying sulfites

    1. React with dilute acids, sulfur dioxide gas given off
    2. Use aqueous potassium manganate(VII), colour changes from purple to colourless
  • Gases
    • Ammonia
    • Carbon dioxide
    • Chlorine
    • Hydrogen
    • Oxygen
    • Sulfur dioxide
  • Identifying ammonia
    Turns damp red litmus paper blue
  • Identifying carbon dioxide
    Bubble gas through limewater, turns milky (cloudy)
  • Identifying chlorine

    Damp litmus paper is bleached and turns white
  • Identifying hydrogen

    Use a burning splint, creates a 'squeaky pop' sound
  • Identifying oxygen

    Use a glowing splint, splint relights
  • Identifying sulfur dioxide

    Use aqueous potassium manganate(VII), colour changes from purple to colourless