PPG

• Bicameral


  Having two houses
• Congress


  The House of Representatives and the Senate
• Legislative branch


  Authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress
• Bill


  When passed by both chambers in identical form and signed by the President, it becomes a law
• Amendment


  A minor change or addition designed to improve a text or piece of legislation
• Congress


  Has the power to revoke the President's proclamation of martial law by a vote of at least a majority of all members of both chambers
• Senate


  The only body that can concur with treaties, and can try impeachment cases
• Judicial branch


  The power is vested in "one Supreme Court and in such lower courts as may be established by law"
• Supreme Court


  The highest court which exercises administrative supervision over all courts and the personnel of the judiciary
• Municipal trial court


  Covers only one municipality, hears and decides cases involving violations of municipal ordinances and offenses punishable with imprisonment not exceeding six years
• Sharia circuit courts


  Equivalent to Municipal Trial Court, established in certain specified provinces in Mindanao where the Code of the Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines is being enforced
• Judicial review


  The process the judiciary uses to provide checks and balance on the legislative and executive branches, it is an implied power given to the courts
• Sharia District Courts


  Equivalent to Regional Trial Court, established in certain specified provinces in Mindanao where the Code of the Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines is being enforced
• Court of Tax Appeal


  Has jurisdiction over matters involving criminal violation and collection of revenues under the National Internal Revenue Code and Tariff and Customs Code
• Local government unit


  Part of the whole government of a nation or state, administered by authority but elected independently of control by the state authority
• Local autonomy


  The policy of the State that the territorial and political subdivisions of the State shall enjoy genuine and meaningful autonomy to enable them to attain their fullest development as self-reliant communities and make them more effective partners in the attainment of national goals
• Mayor Grace Carmel P. Bravo is our Local Chief Executive here in the Municipality of San Francisco, Agusan del Sur
• Decentralization


  An organizational structure where there is a transfer of authority and responsibility for public functions from the central government to subordinate or quasi-independent government organizations and/or the private sector
• Delegation


  One of the three major forms of administrative decentralization, described as a more extensive form of decentralization
• Local Government Code


  Under RA 7160, the Local Government Unit shall exercise its power as a political subdivision of the government and as a corporate entity representing the inhabitants of its territory
• Supervision of national agencies is not a role and function of the Local Government Unit
• Election


  The formal decision making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office
• Plurality system


  The electoral system in the Philippines where candidates can win a seat when they win the most votes without necessarily winning over 50% of the vote
• Electoral system


  The method and set of rules which must be followed for a vote to be considered valid, and which set out how votes are cast, counted and aggregated to yield a final result of an election or a referendum
• The Constitution mandates that only qualified citizens can exercise their right of suffrage
• The first official election in the Philippines

  1935
• COMELEC


  Authorized to supervise and control all government agencies, public officials and government employees whose duties are related to the conduct of the elections
• Political party


  A group of persons organized to acquire and exercise political power
• Multi-party system


  The Philippines has a system with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form a coalition government
• Absentee voter


  Voters who have tasks during elections and/or are not within the country during the time of elections may still vote, but ahead of Election Day
• Democracy


  A form of government with greater citizen involvement in activities related to government planning and policy making
• Citizen participation


  Citizens have a set of rights and responsibilities, including the right to participate in decisions that affect public process which provides private individuals an opportunity to influence public decisions and has long been a component of the democratic decision making process
• Civil society


  A group or organizations working in the interest of the citizens but operating outside of the governmental for-profit sector
• Non-governmental organization (NGO)


  Performs service and humanitarian roles, brings citizen concerns to governments, advocates and monitors policies, and encourages participation through information dissemination
• Citizen


  A person having the title of citizenship
• Naturalization


  The process by which a foreigner is admitted to the state and clothed with the rights and privileges of a Filipino citizen
• Citizenship


  The state of being a member of a particular country and having rights
• Jus Sanguinis


  Citizenship by virtue of blood relationship
• Jus Soli/Loci


  Citizenship based on the place of birth regardless of the nationality of one's parents
• Being able to vote during national or local elections is a privilege of having Philippine citizenship